Study of Prevalent Neurotoxicants in Children

儿童中常见神经毒物的研究

• 批准号: 7117509
• 负责人: BRUCE P LANPHEAR
• 金额: $ 73.45万
• 依托单位: CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7117509
• 关键词: environmental exposure; environmental toxicology; neurotoxicology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Exposure to numerous environmental agents, including lead, mercury, PCBs, and environmental tobacco smoke, has been linked with adverse neurobehavioral effects. Still, the ideal biomarker fof measuring in utero exposure to specific toxicants has not been established and the adverse effects of many potential neurotoxicants have not been rigorously tested. Fetal exposure is typically measured with self-reported surveys, maternal blood and urine, or cord blood. In contrast, meconium as a biomarker is a non-invasive method to simultaneously test for cumulative exposures to numerous toxicants. But it is unclear whether conventional biomarkers or meconium levels are more predictive of the adverse effects linked with specific toxicants. For lead exposure, emerging data indicate that our efforts should emphasize primary prevention, but the efficacy of lead hazard controls are uncertain, especially for children with low blood lead concentrations. The investigators propose to conduct a cohort study of 400 children, followed from less than 16 weeks gestation to 36 months if age, to examine the effect of low-level exposures to prevalent neurotoxicants. Endpoints include behavioral problems, such as conduct disorder and features consistent with ADHD, cognitive deficits, and hearing loss. The investigators will also conduct a nested, randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of lead hazard controls on the development of adverse neurobehavioral effects. They will test the following hypotheses: 1) Children in the Lead Reduction Group will have blood lead levels that are 2.7 ug/dL (30%) or lower, significantly higher cognitive scores, less hearing loss, and fewer behavioral problems than one Control group at 36 months of age. 2) Fetal and postnatal exposures to pesticides, ETS and lead (at blood levels below 10 ug/dL) are associated with adverse neurobehavioral effects, growth delay and hearing loss in early childhood. 3) Fetal exposures, as measured by survey (ETS), maternal and cord blood (lead, methyl mercury, pesticides and ETS), and urine (pesticides), are less predictive of the adverse effects of toxicants on cognition, behavioral problems and hearing, compared with the same toxicants in meconium. This project, in combination with the research described in Project 2, will test the efficacy of an intervention for the primary prevention of lead toxicity, as measured by lead concentration and neurobehavioral functioning at 36 months of age, serve as a model to evaluate the adverse effects of exposures to multiple prevalent toxicants among fetuses and children test meconium levels as a biomarker of fetal exposure to numerous toxicants, and provide exposure and risk assessment data for residential pesticides.

描述（由申请人提供） 接触众多环保代理，包括铅，汞，PCB和 环境烟草烟与不良神经行为有关 效果。尽管如此，在子宫暴露于子宫内的理想生物标志物FOF 尚未建立特定的毒物，许多人的不利影响 潜在的神经毒性尚未经过严格测试。胎儿暴露是 通常通过自我报告的调查，母血和尿液或 脐带血。相比之下，作为生物标志物的胎粪是一种非侵入性方法 同时测试对许多有毒物质的累积暴露。但这是 尚不清楚常规生物标志物或胎粪水平是否更具预测性 与特定毒物有关的不良反应。用于铅曝光， 新兴数据表明，我们的努力应强调主要预防， 但是铅危害控制的功效尚不确定，尤其是 血液铅浓度低的儿童。调查人员建议 进行400名儿童的队列研究，随后少于16周 妊娠到36个月，以检查低级暴露对 普遍的神经毒性。终点包括行为问题，例如 与多动症，认知缺陷以及 听力损失。调查人员还将进行嵌套的随机 对照试验测试铅危害控制的功效 不良神经行为效应的发展。他们将测试以下 假设：1）铅减少组中的儿童将有血液铅 水平为2.7 ug/dl（30％）或较低，认知能力明显更高 得分，听力损失较少，行为问题少于一个控制 小组在36个月大。 2）胎儿和产后暴露于农药， ET和铅（在低于10 ug/dl的血液水平下）与不利有关 幼儿期神经行为影响，生长延迟和听力损失。 3）通过调查（ETS），母体和脐带血测量的胎儿暴露 （铅，甲基汞，农药和ETS）和尿液（农药）较少 预测毒物对认知，行为的不利影响 与胎粪中的相同毒物相比，问题和听力。 该项目与项目中描述的研究结合 2，将测试干预措施的主要预防功效 铅毒性，通过铅浓度和神经行为测量 在36个月大时运行，作为评估不利的模型 对胎儿中多种普遍有毒物质的暴露影响和 儿童测试胎粪水平作为胎儿暴露的生物标志物 有毒物质，并为住宅提供暴露和风险评估数据 农药。