Advancing the Validity of Teen Suicidality Self-Reports

提高青少年自杀自我报告的有效性

• 批准号: 7075016
• 负责人: MICHAEL E WOOLLEY
• 金额: $ 7.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-12 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7075016
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; data collection methodology /evaluation; developmental psychology; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; human subject; interview; mental disorder diagnosis; mental disorder prevention; psychological tests; questionnaires; suicide

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Suicide is the third leading cause of death in youth ages 10-24, and the consequences of suicidal ideation and attempts impact tens of thousands more. In 1999, the Surgeon General called for a national plan to increase research, prevention, and intervention efforts. One goal was improving self-report measures to assess suicidality in youth. Two important aspects of that work include studies to further our understanding of the experience of suicide risk constructs in youth, and research on the validity of self-report instruments to measure those constructs. However, developing valid self-report measures for use with children is difficult due to the cognitive developmental differences between youth and researchers. Those differences can result in youth interpreting items differently than intended, introducing error into those measures. Applying cognitive methods to the development of self-report instruments for children and adolescents presents an emerging approach to advance the validity of those instruments. Cognitive methods are a family of instrument development methods that involve collecting data directly from respondents about how they think about they experience the targeted constructs and how they cognitively process self-report items measuring those constructs. That data is then used to develop instruments informed by more valid conceptualizations of the constructs leading to self-report items that are more accurately interpreted by respondents and therefore more valid measures. This proposed study will apply two cognitive methods to advance the validity of adolescent suicidality instruments. The first method is construct probe interviews, which gather data from respondents about how they experience constructs that are the target of self-report instruments. The second method is cognitive pretesting, which involves interviewing respondents as they read and respond to self-report items. The findings from these methods will inform our understanding of suicidality in adolescents and the development of more valid suicidality assessment instruments.

描述（由申请人提供）：自杀是10-24岁青年的第三大死亡原因，自杀念头的后果和尝试影响数万。 1999年，外科医生呼吁制定一项国家计划，以增加研究，预防和干预工作。一个目标是改善自我报告措施来评估青年的自杀性。 这项工作的两个重要方面包括研究，以进一步了解我们对青年自杀风险构建体验的理解，以及对自我报告工具的有效性测量这些结构的研究。但是，由于青年和研究人员之间的认知发展差异，很难制定有效的自我报告措施以与儿童使用。 这些差异可能导致青年对项目的解释与预期不同，从而将错误引入这些措施。 将认知方法应用于为儿童和青少年的自我报告工具的开发提供了一种新兴方法，以提高这些工具的有效性。 认知方法是一种仪器开发方法，涉及直接从受访者那里收集数据，以了解他们如何看待他们的目标结构以及他们如何认知处理测量这些结构的自我报告项目。 然后，该数据用于开发工具，这些工具通过对构造的更有效的概念化为导致的自我报告项目的概念化，这些构建项目由受访者更准确地解释，因此可以采取更有效的措施。 这项拟议的研究将采用两种认知方法来提高青少年自杀工具的有效性。 第一种方法是构造探针访谈，该访谈从受访者那里收集有关他们如何体验自我报告工具的构造的数据。 第二种方法是认知预测，其中涉及在阅读并响应自我报告项目时采访受访者。这些方法中的发现将为我们对青少年自杀的理解以及更有效的自杀评估工具的发展。