Community Social/Built Environment on Physical Activity

社区社会/建筑环境对体育活动的影响

• 批准号: 7073061
• 负责人: Ming Wen
• 金额: $ 7.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7073061
• 关键词: African American; Mexican Americans; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical activity; caucasian American; data collection methodology /evaluation; environmental health; exercise; human data; human ecology; human population study; lifestyle; morale; satisfaction; social group; social psychology; social support network; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While researchers have acknowledged the importance of community environment on physical activity, few systematic investigations of the relationship between community physical and social characteristics and physical activity have been undertaken. Drawing upon theoretical and empirical developments in urban sociology, urban planning, transportation, and health services research, the proposed analyses assess the hypothesis that the built environment and social environment of urban community affects physical activity over and above individual background. We propose a research project that investigates the designs of the built environment and multiple facets of community social, economic, demographic, and cultural environment in their influences on physical activity. Using multiple data sources including the Census data, CIS-based measures and two existing survey data, this research will address the following questions:1) How does the design of the built environment affects physical activity over and above individual social and demographic background?; 2) How do community-level social factors such as trust, safety, physical disorder, feelings of community morale affect individual likelihood of physical activity independently of the effects of the built environment?; 3) Whether and how do the built environment and social environment interact to impact physical activity? For example, does the effect of neighborhood walk ability vary according to neighborhood SES or other aspects of social environment such as trust? 4) What are the ecological relationship between the built environment and social environment at the community level?; and 5) How are the above relationships sensitive to geographic aggregation levels of community? What are the most appropriate aggregation levels relevant to physical activity?

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然研究人员已经认识到社区环境对身体活动的重要性，但很少对社区身体和社会特征与身体活动之间的关系进行系统的调查。借鉴城市社会学、城市规划、交通和卫生服务研究的理论和实证发展，本文提出的分析评估了城市社区的建筑环境和社会环境影响个人背景之外的身体活动的假设。我们提出了一个研究项目，调查建筑环境的设计以及社区社会、经济、人口和文化环境的多个方面对体育活动的影响。本研究将利用包括人口普查数据、基于 CIS 的测量数据和两项现有调查数据在内的多种数据源来解决以下问题：1）除了个人社会和人口背景之外，建筑环境的设计如何影响身体活动？ 2) 社区层面的社会因素，如信任、安全、身体障碍、社区士气感受，如何独立于建筑环境的影响而影响个人进行体育活动的可能性？ 3）建筑环境和社会环境是否以及如何相互作用影响身体活动？例如，邻里步行能力的影响是否会根据邻里社会经济地位或社会环境的其他方面（例如信任）而变化？ 4）社区层面建成环境与社会环境之间的生态关系是什么？ 5) 上述关系对社区地理聚集水平的敏感性如何？与身体活动相关的最合适的聚合水平是什么？