Socialization Mediators of the Observed Childhood SES

观察到的童年社会经济地位的社会化中介

• 批准号: 7147530
• 负责人: Joan K Orrell-Valente
• 金额: $ 7.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7147530
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; body composition; body weight; clinical research; developmental nutrition; dietary control; dietary restriction; disease /disorder prevention /control; disease /disorder proneness /risk; eating; family structure /dynamics; health behavior; human data; longitudinal human study; low socioeconomic status; nutrition related tag; obesity; parent offspring interaction; questionnaires; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed study is to identify childhood risk factors that contribute to the development of obesity, with the long-term objective of informing the design of targeted prevention/intervention efforts that could be subjected to randomized trials. Past longitudinal research has established a strong, consistent, inverse relation between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity in adulthood. Explanations for this relation are not fully known. This study will test the hypothesis that childhood SES operates through parents' socialization of children's eating behavior to influence dietary habits and weight status in young adulthood. Archived data from the Child Development Project (CDP; PIs: KA Dodge, J.E. Bates, & G.S. Pettit) will be re-coded and re-analyzed in this study. The CDP is an ongoing longitudinal investigation of a community sample of 585 males and females from diverse backgrounds who have been assessed annually since age 5 and who will turn age 23 in 2006; retention rate is 84%. When children were age five, 154 of the 585 families were selected to be observed for two 2-hour sessions that included a family meal; sub-sample retention rate is 89%. Detailed transcriptions of observations of parent-child exchanges will be coded using a new scheme that will allow veridical description of variations in structure and parent-child processes in the childhood mealtime environment (CME). Specific aims are to: (1) apply qualitative direct-observation methodology to develop a theoretical model of the structure (e.g. parental presence, TV on) and parent-child interaction processes (e.g., coercive parental control; food rewards) in the CME; (2) examine the empirical relation between childhood SES and structure and process in the CME, and between childhood SES and dietary patterns and body mass index (BMI) in young adulthood; (3) test the hypothesis that CME structure and process variables mediate the association between childhood SES and dietary patterns and BMI in young adulthood; and (4) examine potential moderators and covariates of the relation between childhood SES, CME, and young adult dietary patterns and BMI. Moderators to be tested include child/parent gender and family structure. Covariates to be tested include parent disciplinary style, and parent perception of child overweight and overeating. This research will identify psychosocial mechanisms through which low SES places children at high risk for obesity and will inform the design of intervention programs to reduce such risk.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是确定导致肥胖发展的儿童风险因素，长期目标是为可进行随机试验的有针对性的预防/干预措施的设计提供信息。过去的纵向研究已经在儿童社会经济地位（SES）和成年肥胖之间建立了强烈、一致的反比关系。对于这种关系的解释尚不完全清楚。这项研究将检验这样的假设：儿童社会经济地位通过父母对儿童饮食行为的社会化来影响成年早期的饮食习惯和体重状况。儿童发展项目（CDP；PI：KA Dodge、J.E. Bates 和 G.S. Pettit）的存档数据将在本研究中重新编码和分析。 CDP 是一项持续的纵向调查，对 585 名来自不同背景的男性和女性进行社区样本调查，这些样本从 5 岁起每年接受一次评估，并于 2006 年年满 23 岁；保留率为84%。当孩子们五岁时，585 个家庭中的 154 个被选中接受两次为期 2 小时的观察，其中包括家庭聚餐；子样本保留率为89%。亲子交流观察的详细转录将使用新方案进行编码，该方案将允许真实描述童年用餐环境（CME）中的结构和亲子过程的变化。具体目标是：（1）应用定性直接观察方法来开发CME结构（例如父母在场、电视打开）和亲子互动过程（例如强制父母控制；食物奖励）的理论模型； (2) 研究儿童 SES 与 CME 结构和过程之间的经验关系，以及儿童 SES 与青年期饮食模式和体重指数 (BMI) 之间的经验关系； (3) 检验以下假设：CME 结构和过程变量介导儿童 SES 与青年期饮食模式和 BMI 之间的关联； (4) 检查儿童 SES、CME 以及年轻人饮食模式和 BMI 之间关系的潜在调节因素和协变量。待测试的调节因素包括儿童/父母的性别和家庭结构。要测试的协变量包括家长的纪律方式以及家长对孩子超重和暴饮暴食的看法。这项研究将确定低社会经济地位使儿童面临肥胖高风险的心理社会机制，并将为设计干预计划以降低此类风险提供信息。