Control of Spemann's organizer

控制斯佩曼的组织者

• 批准号: 7285142
• 负责人: Michael D Sheets
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7285142
• 关键词: Xenopus; biological signal transduction; body regions; cell cell interaction; cell growth regulation; fibroblast growth factor; gene expression; genetic promoter element; genetic transcription; green fluorescent proteins; histogenesis; mesoderm; neurogenesis; protein biosynthesis; transfection; vertebrate embryology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this proposal is to make advances in our understanding of how signaling pathways and gene expression collaborate to control the earliest patterning events in the developing vertebrate embryo. Toward this end, we are combining molecular and embryological experiments to elucidate the mechanisms that control the formation of Spemann's organizer in the model organism Xenopus laevis. Spemann's organizer is a group of cells that collectively act as the central signaling center that establishes the vertebrate body plan by patterning the mesoderm and inducing neural tissue. The organizer influences the fate of surrounding cells by two mechanisms, the secretion of inducing proteins such as noggin and chordin and the regulation of morphogenesis and cell motility that involves direct cell-cell contacts. Therefore a defining molecular feature of organizer cells is the expression of specific signaling molecules such as chordin that help it perform its functions. In the absence of FGF signaling within the cells of the organizer, production of the inducing protein chordin is diminished, but the production of other organizer-specific molecules including noggin is not effected. In addition mesodermal patterning dictated by the organizer is disrupted, but the formation of most anterior neural structures in the embryo (head), which also require organizer function, is relatively normal. We hypothesize that FGF signaling within the organizer cells controls an important subset of the organizer's inducing functions at least in part through controlling organizer-specific transcription of chordin. We will address our view by examining the role(s) of FGF signaling pathway(s) within the organizer and the transcription of chordin as they relate to the ultimate inducing functions of Spemann's organizer.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的长期目标是加深我们对信号通路和基因表达如何协作以控制发育中的脊椎动物胚胎中最早的模式事件的理解。为此，我们正在结合分子和胚胎学实验来阐明控制模式生物非洲爪蟾中斯佩曼组织者形成的机制。斯佩曼的组织者是一组细胞，它们共同充当中央信号中心，通过塑造中胚层和诱导神经组织来建立脊椎动物的身体计划。组织者通过两种机制影响周围细胞的命运，即头蛋白和脊索蛋白等诱导蛋白的分泌，以及涉及细胞与细胞直接接触的形态发生和细胞运动的调节。因此，组织者细胞的一个决定性分子特征是特定信号分子的表达，例如帮助其执行其功能的脊索蛋白。在组织者细胞内缺乏 FGF 信号传导的情况下， 诱导蛋白chordin减少，但包括头蛋白在内的其他组织者特异性分子的产生不受影响。此外，由组织者决定的中胚层模式被破坏，但胚胎（头部）中大多数前神经结构的形成相对正常，这也需要组织者功能。我们假设组织者细胞内的 FGF 信号传导至少部分通过控制组织者特异的脊索蛋白转录来控制组织者诱导功能的重要子集。我们将通过检查 FGF 信号通路在组织者和脊索蛋白转录中的作用来阐述我们的观点，因为它们与斯佩曼组织者的最终诱导功能相关。