Contextual Influences on Sexual Risk among Latino MSM

背景对拉丁裔男男性接触者性风险的影响

• 批准号: 7052831
• 负责人: Maria Cecilia Zea
• 金额: $ 59.84万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7052831
• 关键词: HIV infections; Hispanic Americans; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; coping; culture; data collection methodology /evaluation; depression; dyadic interaction; epidemiology; experience; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homosexuals; human subject; interview; male; model; model design /development; population survey; prejudice; racial /ethnic difference; safe sex /sex abstinence; sex behavior; social group; social psychology; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application describes a five-year research program that develops and tests a theoretical model of socio-cultural, psychosocial, and contextual influences on unprotected sex in three groups of Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in the U.S.--Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. These groups represent understudied and growing immigrant populations at high risk for HIV/AIDS. This application involves an innovative approach with a theoretical model that includes variables at two levels. The person level includes between-subjects variables that describe socio-cultural (national origin, acculturation, subscription to beliefs held by many Latinos; contact with gay social groups, and experiences of discrimination) and psychosocial (depression, self efficacy for safe sex, coping, and enjoyment of unprotected sex) characteristics of the person. The situation level includes within subjects variables that describe the circumstances associated with each sexual encounter, such as the relationship with the partner, sero-concordance with the partner, alcohol and drug use, setting, indicated desire for safe sex, and subjective sexual arousal in that encounter. Hypotheses concern not only the contribution of each level to the prediction of unprotected sex, but also moderating effects between levels. By focusing on situational characteristics of sexual encounters, as well as on individual characteristics, this study will provide a greater understanding of factors influencing unprotected sex among Latino MSM, which will aid in efforts to prevent the spread of HIV. There are four phases of this study. The aims of Phase 1 are to elucidate the context of sexual encounters of Dominican, Colombian, and Brazilian MSM in New York City; to identify aspects of the context of social and sexual encounters that lead to various forms of unprotected sex; and, to describe similar and different patterns of beliefs, norms, and behaviors in the three groups. This qualitative phase will involve ethnographic observation, a minimum of 15 key informant interviews, six focus groups, and 30 in-depth interviews. The aims of Phase II are to refine our theoretical model of sexual risk as informed by the qualitative findings from Phase I; and to develop and pilot test a quantitative survey instrument based on the theoretical model. Three focus groups will provide feedback on the survey instrument, which will be revised and then administered via Audio-CASI to a sample of 120 Latino MSM, evenly divided among Dominicans, Colombians, and Brazilians. The aim of Phase III is to further refine the theoretical model of sexual risk and the quantitative survey based on the qualitative and quantitative findings from Phases I and II; to administer the revised survey instrument; to examine similarities and differences in the beliefs, experiences; and behaviors of the three national groups; and to test hypotheses based on the theoretical model of the contextual influences on sexual risk. We will administer the quantitative survey to a sample of 480 Latino MSM, 160 from each of the four groups, using A-CASI methodology. The aim of phase IV is to integrate findings from the multiple sources of the qualitative and quantitative components of the study. We will examine areas of agreement and disagreement across methods. The triangulation of findings will enable us to interpret results and further refine the theoretical model of contextual factors of sexual risk among these three groups of Latino MSM.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请描述了一项为期五年的研究计划，该计划在美国与美国，哥伦比亚人和巴西人的三组拉丁裔男人（与男性发生性关系（MSM）发生性关系的社会文化，心理社会和情境影响的理论模型对未受保护的性别的影响。 这些群体代表了受艾滋病毒/艾滋病高风险的人口研究和不断增长的移民人群。 该应用程序涉及一种创新方法，其理论模型包括两个级别的变量。 该人级别包括描述社会文化（民族起源，适应性，对许多拉丁裔持有的信念的订阅；与同性恋社会群体的联系以及歧视经历）和心理社会（抑郁，对安全性的自我效能，应对性，应对和享受未经证实的性别的自我效果）的变量。 情况水平包括在受试者变量中描述与每次性交相关的情况，例如与伴侣的关系，与伴侣的血清结合，酒精和吸毒，设置，表明对安全性的渴望以及在那次接触中的主观性唤醒。 假设不仅涉及每个级别对预测不受保护的性别的贡献，而且还涉及层次之间的效果。 通过关注性接触的情境特征以及个人特征，这项研究将对影响拉丁裔MSM之间无保护性的因素有更多的了解，这将有助于防止HIV传播。 这项研究有四个阶段。 第一阶段的目的是阐明纽约市多米尼加，哥伦比亚和巴西MSM的性交的背景；确定导致各种形式的不受保护的性别的社会和性遭遇背景的各个方面；并描述三个群体中的相似和不同的信念，规范和行为。 这个定性阶段将涉及民族志观察，至少15个关键的线人访谈，6个焦点小组和30个深入的访谈。 第二阶段的目的是完善我们的性风险理论模型，这是第一阶段的定性发现所示的；并开发和试点测试基于理论模型的定量调查工具。 三个焦点小组将提供有关调查工具的反馈，该工具将通过Audio-Casi进行修订，然后对120个拉丁裔MSM的样本进行修订，并在多米尼加人，哥伦比亚人和巴西人之间均匀分裂。 第三阶段的目的是进一步完善基于I和II阶段的定性和定量发现的性风险的理论模型和定量调查；管理修订的调查工具；检查信仰，经验的相似性和差异；和三个民族团体的行为；并基于上下文影响性风险的理论模型来检验假设。 我们将使用A-Casi方法对480个拉丁裔MSM的样本进行定量调查。 第四阶段的目的是整合研究的定性和定量组成部分的多个来源的发现。 我们将研究跨方法的共识和分歧领域。 调查结果的三角剖分将使我们能够解释结果，并进一步完善这三组拉丁裔MSM中性风险背景因素的理论模型。