Neurovascular Coupling in Cerebrum and Cerebellum

大脑和小脑的神经血管耦合

• 批准号: 7069116
• 负责人: Anna Devor
• 金额: $ 39.51万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-23 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7069116
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain circulation; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; cerebellar Purkinje cell; cerebellum; cerebrum; electrophysiology; electrostimulus; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; laboratory rat; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; stimulus /response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has the potential of fulfilling a long held dream of the neuroscience community and of the public at large to view the human brain in action. However, the detailed relation between the neurovascular parameters mapped in fMRI, and the underlying neural activity, are poorly understood at present. In our previous work we demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation, and neuronal spiking and synaptic electrical activity in rat somatosensory (Barrel) cortex. In this proposal we will extend our study to the cerebellar cortex in order to investigate whether the same general rules can be applied to neurovascular coupling in both structures. While the main focus of this proposal is on the cerebellum, we will in parallel continue and expand our previous work in Barrel cortex to facilitate the comparison between the two (2). We will perform simultaneous optical measurements of hemodynamic signals (blood flow, volume, oxygenation) and electrophysiological measurements of neuronal activity, and will use an empirically developed relationship to construct a "transfer function" of neurovascular coupling. Despite fundamental differences in neuronal and vascular organization between cerebral and cerebellar cortices we hypothesize a conservation of the main principles of coupling when taking into account the sum activity of Purkinje and granule cells, and differentiating the contribution of simple and complex spikes. The combination of optical imaging techniques and "gold standard" electrophysiology not only provides a tool for correlation of hemodynamic and neuronal signals, but also enables better spatio-temporal estimation of brain activity. Thus, in addition to addressing the question of neurovascular coupling, we will study key questions of cerebellar physiology centered around the influence of parallel fibers on spatial extend of cerebellar cortical activation. Investigations proposed here will provide essential information to bridge the gap between the growing body of fMRI data and generations of detailed electrophysiological studies in cerebrum and cerebellum. Ultimately, accurate interpretation of imaging data in terms of neuronal activity will play an important role in the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of human disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）具有实现神经科学界和整个公众的长期梦想，以使人脑在行动中看到。然而，目前对绘制的fMRI映射的神经血管参数与潜在的神经活动之间的详细关系尚未了解。在我们先前的工作中，我们证明了血红蛋白浓度与氧合的非线性关系，以及大鼠体感（桶）皮质中的神经元尖峰和突触电活动。在此提案中，我们将将研究扩展到小脑皮层，以研究是否可以将相同的一般规则应用于这两种结构中的神经血管耦合。虽然该提案的主要重点是小脑，但我们将同时继续并扩展我们先前在桶皮层中的工作，以促进两个（2）之间的比较。我们将对血液动力学信号（血流，体积，充氧）和神经元活性的电生理测量进行同时进行光学测量，并将使用经验开发的关系来构建神经血管偶联的“转移功能”。尽管脑和小脑皮质之间的神经元和血管组织的根本差异在考虑到Purkinje和颗粒细胞的总和时，我们假设对主要耦合的主要原理进行保护，并区分了简单和复杂的峰值的贡献。光学成像技术和“金标准”电生理学的组合不仅为血液动力学和神经元信号相关的工具，而且还可以更好地对脑活动的时空估计。因此，除了解决神经血管耦合问题外，我们还将研究小脑生理学的关键问题，围绕平行纤维对小脑皮质激活的空间扩展的影响。此处提出的调查将提供基本信息，以弥合fMRI数据的不断增长的体系与大脑和小脑中详细的电生理研究的几代人之间的差距。最终，在神经元活性方面对成像数据的准确解释将在早期发现，诊断和治疗人类疾病中起重要作用。