The Effect of Birth Order on Development and Attainment

出生顺序对发展和成就的影响

• 批准号: 6927989
• 负责人: FRANK HEILAND
• 金额: $ 7.27万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6927989
• 关键词: academic achievement; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; early experience; human data; learning; longitudinal human study; low socioeconomic status; racial /ethnic difference; sibling order

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Numerous studies have addressed the role of birth order on cognitive ability measures but to date little consensus has emerged. Most of the existing evidence of a negative relationship between birth order and child cognitive development and achievement is based on conventional regression analysis using cross-sectional data. In particular, no research has investigated the effect of birth order on the development of young children using large sibling samples. I propose to investigate the role of birth order on child development and scholastic achievement using better data and methods. I will also assess the role of ultimately completed family size and how it relates to the effect of birth order on child development. Specifically, I will investigate whether (1) children who are late in the birth order face elevated risks of adverse developmental and scholastic outcomes, (2) the birth order effect is causal or the result of spurious correlation, (3) there is an independent effect of ultimately completed family size on development, (4) the birth order and completed family size effects differ for minority and low-income families, (5) the effect of birth order on behavioral development differs from its effect on cognitive development, (6) the birth order, completed family size, and sibling spacing have long-term effects on scholastic attainment. In order to study these issues I use mother-child data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and data on the educational attainment of young adults from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). These large nationally representative longitudinal surveys that over sample minorities provide good measures of the socio-economic conditions and family size during childhood and a rich set of measures of cognitive and behavioral development and scholastic achievement. The NLSY79 data are used to explore the effects of birth order on developmental outcomes during childhood. Longer-term effects of birth order on attainment are investigated using schooling data from the PSID. With larger and more representative samples, the proposed empirical models can properly identify the effect of birth order and complete family size effects on child achievements.

描述（由申请人提供）：许多研究已经解决了出生顺序对认知能力指标的作用，但迄今为止几乎没有达成共识。出生顺序与儿童认知发展与成就之间存在负相关关系的大多数证据都是基于使用横截面数据的常规回归分析。特别是，没有研究研究出生顺序对使用大型兄弟姐妹样本的幼儿发展的影响。我建议使用更好的数据和方法研究出生顺序对儿童发育和学业成就的作用。我还将评估最终完成家庭规模的作用，以及它与出生顺序对儿童发育的影响的关系。 Specifically, I will investigate whether (1) children who are late in the birth order face elevated risks of adverse developmental and scholastic outcomes, (2) the birth order effect is causal or the result of spurious correlation, (3) there is an independent effect of ultimately completed family size on development, (4) the birth order and completed family size effects differ for minority and low-income families, (5) the effect of birth order on behavioral development differs from its effect on认知发展，（6）出生顺序，完成的家庭规模和兄弟姐妹间隔对学术成就具有长期影响。为了研究这些问题，我使用了《国家青年纵向调查》（NLSY79）中的母子数据，以及关于收入动态小组研究（PSID）的年轻人教育程度的数据。这些大型国家代表性的纵向调查，这些纵向少数群体在童年时期提供了良好的衡量社会经济状况和家庭规模，以及一系列认知和行为发展和学术成就的衡量标准。 NLSY79数据用于探索出生顺序对童年期间发育结果的影响。使用PSID的学校数据研究出生顺序对成就的长期影响。借助更大和更具代表性的样本，提出的经验模型可以正确识别出生顺序的影响和完整的家庭规模对儿童成就的影响。