Development of a Novel Gas Embolotherapy Technique

新型气体栓塞治疗技术的开发

基本信息

批准号：
6862622
负责人：
JOSEPH L BULL
金额：
$ 18.05万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-04-01 至 2007-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6862622
关键词：
air embolism albumins fluosol hepatocellular carcinoma human therapy evaluation laboratory rabbit necrosis neoplasm /cancer blood supply neoplasm /cancer therapy therapeutic blood vessel occlusion therapy design /development ultrasound

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The delivery of emboli to arterial blood flow with the goal of flow occlusion, or embolotherapy, is a potential means to treat a variety of cancers, such as heptatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and renal carcinoma. HCC, the most common form of liver cancer, occurs in 2-30 per 100,000 males each year, resulting in approximately 1,250,000 deaths worldwide annually. The accompanying liver cirrhosis makes the treatment of HCC by traditional methods difficult. Systemic chemotherapy has no appreciable impact on survival rates. In addition to these types of cancer, many other types could potentially be treated using embototherapy. Previous attempts at embolotherapy have used solid emboli, such as blood clot, gelatin sponge, particulates, balloons and streamers. A major difficulty in embolotherapy is restricting delivery of the emboli to the tumor, i.e. minimizing ischemia of healthy tissue, without extremely invasive procedures. Here, we propose an acoustically activated gas embolotherapy. While gas bubbles have been used as ultrasonic contrast agents, they have not previously been used to occlude flow to tumors. Moreover, this novel approach involves introducing liquid droplets, which are small enough to pass through capillaries, into the vascular flow. The droplets could be tracked using ultrasound and vaporized via high intensity ultrasound near the tumor allowing gas bubbles, which are considerably larger than the liquid drops from which they originated, to occlude flow in the tumor. This minimally invasive technique would allow selective delivery of gas emboli to the tumor, and is well suited to repeated doses and long term use. The proposed research uses computational and experimental (animal and bench top) studies to provide proof of concept of this technique. This work will investigate the physical phenomena of vessel occlusion by gas emboli and vessel deformation due to the vaporization of liquid droplets. The proposed research is a collaboration of engineers, physicists, and clinicians with expertise in expertise in fluid dynamics, gas transport, and diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound. The proposed research is an essential first step in developing this potentially revolutionary technique.

描述（由申请人提供）：以血流阻塞为目的将栓子输送到动脉血流或栓塞疗法是治疗多种癌症的潜在方法，例如肝细胞癌（HCC）和肾癌。 HCC 是最常见的肝癌，每年每 100,000 名男性中有 2-30 人患有 HCC，每年导致全球约 1,250,000 人死亡。伴随的肝硬化使得传统方法治疗HCC变得困难。全身化疗对生存率没有明显影响。除了这些类型的癌症之外，许多其他类型的癌症也可以使用栓塞疗法进行治疗。先前的栓塞治疗尝试使用了固体栓塞，例如血凝块、明胶海绵、颗粒、气球和飘带。栓塞治疗的一个主要困难是限制栓子向肿瘤的输送，即最大限度地减少健康组织的缺血，而不需要极度侵入性的手术。在这里，我们提出了一种声激活气体栓塞疗法。虽然气泡已被用作超声造影剂，但它们以前没有被用来阻塞流向肿瘤的血流。此外，这种新颖的方法涉及将小到足以穿过毛细血管的液滴引入血管流中。可以使用超声波追踪液滴，并通过肿瘤附近的高强度超声波汽化，从而允许气泡（比它们起源的液滴大得多）阻塞肿瘤中的流动。这种微创技术可以选择性地将气体栓塞输送到肿瘤，并且非常适合重复剂量和长期使用。拟议的研究使用计算和实验（动物和实验室）研究来证明该技术的概念。这项工作将研究气体栓塞引起的血管闭塞和液滴蒸发引起的血管变形的物理现象。拟议的研究是工程师、物理学家和临床医生的合作，他们在流体动力学、气体传输以及诊断和治疗超声方面拥有丰富的专业知识。拟议的研究是开发这种潜在革命性技术的重要的第一步。