Cognitive and Spatial Systems in Action

行动中的认知和空间系统

• 批准号: 6687496
• 负责人: LAUREL J BUXBAUM
• 金额: $ 32.87万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN HEALTHCARE NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6687496
• 关键词: adult human (21+); apraxias; ataxia; attention; body movement; clinical research; computational neuroscience; human subject; model design /development; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; patient oriented research; proprioception /kinesthesia; psychomotor function; space perception; stroke; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The distinction between a ventral visual processing stream devoted to processing object identity and a dorsal stream coding object location and body movements guides two decades of research in perception and action. A number of lines of evidence, including work from our laboratory, suggest that the model requires refinement. This work described in this proposal has two general aims. The first is to develop a model of the action system within a computational framework. The model includes two anatomically and functionally distinct components: the action representation system, mediated by the inferior parietal lobe, and the action execution system, mediated by dorsal stream structures in fronto-parietal cortex. The second general aim is to reconcile a major clinical syndrome, ideomotor apraxia (IM), with recent advances in the cognitive neuroscientific study of action. There are four specific aims. First, we will relate the diverse presentation of IM to the two components of the action system by evaluating a two-subtype model of lM. Second, through study of patients with IM, we will assess the distinction between two types of spatial coding of body position and body movement information. Third, we will assess the roles of objects in performing skilled movements, and the distinctions between object representations used in different contexts. Finally, we will elucidate internal models of movement used in programming actions. The proposed program of research is expected to continue to contribute to our understanding of the relationship of distinct representational and dynamic processing modules in normal and disordered action, and the neuroanatomic substrate for these processes. In addition, it is expected to significantly advance our understanding of lM, a common clinical disorder whose presentation, subtypes, and neuroanatomic substrate remain poorly understood.

描述（由申请人提供）：致力于处理物体身份的腹侧视觉处理流与编码物体位置和身体运动的背侧视觉处理流之间的区别指导了二十年的感知和行动研究。许多证据，包括我们实验室的工作，表明该模型需要改进。本提案中描述的这项工作有两个总体目标。第一个是在计算框架内开发动作系统模型。该模型包括两个解剖学和功能上不同的组件：由顶下叶介导的动作表示系统和由额顶叶皮层的背流结构介导的动作执行系统。第二个总体目标是协调主要的临床综合征——意念运动性失用症（IM）与认知神经科学研究的最新进展。有四个具体目标。首先，我们将通过评估 IM 的两个子类型模型，将 IM 的多样化表现形式与动作系统的两个组成部分联系起来。其次，通过对IM患者的研究，我们将评估两种类型的身体位置和身体运动信息的空间编码之间的区别。第三，我们将评估对象在执行熟练动作中的作用，以及不同上下文中使用的对象表示之间的区别。最后，我们将阐明编程动作中使用的内部运动模型。拟议的研究计划预计将继续有助于我们理解正常和无序行为中不同表征和动态处理模块的关系，以及这些过程的神经解剖学基础。此外，预计它将显着增进我们对 lM 的理解，这是一种常见的临床疾病，其表现、亚型和神经解剖学基础仍然知之甚少。