Pupillometry and Gaze-Tracking in Unrestrained Monkeys

不受约束的猴子的瞳孔测量和注视跟踪

• 批准号: 6962487
• 负责人: MICHAEL R WEED
• 金额: $ 15.16万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6962487
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; baboons; diazepam; drug abuse; memory disorders; morphine; neurotoxicology; pupillary reflex; pupillography; smooth pursuit eye movement; technology /technique development; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Measures of pupillary and oculomotor function are exquisitely sensitive to modulation of the central nervous system (CNS) by drugs of abuse and CNS pathology in nonhuman primate (NHP) models of human diseases. However, techniques to study pupillary and oculomotor function in NHPs traditionally require invasive procedures including surgical implantation and/or restraint of the animals in specialized chairs. These techniques allow very powerful analyses of the visual system, but limit the number of researchers that can utilize eye-tracking in NHPs. This proposal will combine state-of-the-art, computerized video-based eye-tracking equipment with novel behavioral methods to develop a method for pupillometry and gaze-tracking in NHPs in their home cage. Specific Aim 1 is to develop a system that attaches to a nonhuman primate home cage and allows computer-based video recording of the nonhuman primate eye while the animal is awake and unrestrained. Measures to be recorded include estimates of pupil size and direction of the monkey's gaze. Specific Aim 2 is to develop a procedure for determination of pupillary light reflex. Determination of pupillary light reflex will be validated by measuring the effects of morphine in rhesus monkeys and baboons. Pupillometry will be measured in baboons to test the training methods and equipment in an additional nonhuman primate species. Specific Aim 3 is to develop a system to measure gaze direction while rhesus monkeys perform a visual smooth pursuit task. Sensitivity of the smooth pursuit task will be validated by testing the effects of diazepam on oculomotor performance of rhesus monkeys. Specific Aim 4 is to develop a test of recognition memory based on relative gaze times to two stimuli, the Visual Paired Comparisons test in rhesus monkeys. Administration of diazepam will test for the sensitivity of the paradigm to the amnesic effects of benzodiazepines. Measures of pupillary dilation will be included to address whether dilation due to cognitive load is evident in this paradigm. Home cage procedures will enable more researchers to eye-tracking techniques and reduce the technical difficulty of doing so. Home cage procedures will also reduce the stress to the NHP subjects inherent in restraint-based methods. The techniques presented here will be most attractive to non-traditional users of eye-based measures such as pharmacologists, neurotoxicologists and behavioral psychologists.

描述（由申请人提供）：在非人类灵长类动物（NHP）模型中，对中枢神经系统（CNS）的调节（CNS）对中枢神经系统（CNS）的调节非常敏感。然而，传统上研究NHP中的瞳孔和眼球运动功能的技术需要进行侵入性手术，包括手术植入和/或在专用椅子上对动物的约束。这些技术允许对视觉系统进行非常强大的分析，但限制了可以利用NHP中眼球跟踪的研究人员的数量。该提案将结合最先进的基于计算机的基于视频的眼线场设备以及新颖的行为方法，以开发一种在其家居笼中NHP中的瞳孔测定法和凝视跟踪的方法。具体目的1是开发一个附着在非人类灵长类动物笼子上的系统，并允许在动物醒着且不受限制的同时，允许基于计算机的非人类灵长类动物的视频记录。 要记录的措施包括猴子目光的瞳孔大小和方向的估计。具体目标2是制定确定瞳孔光反射的程序。通过测量吗啡在恒河猴和狒狒中的影响，将确定瞳孔光反射的测定。将在狒狒中测量瞳孔测定法，以测试其他非人类灵长类动物中的训练方法和设备。 特定目标3是开发一个系统来测量凝视方向，而恒河猴执行视觉平稳的追求任务。通过测试地西ep剂对恒河猴动眼表现的影响，将验证平滑追求任务的敏感性。具体目的4是基于与两个刺激的相对凝视时间（在恒河猴中的视觉配对比较测试）制定识别记忆测试。地西ep剂的施用将测试范式对苯二氮卓类药物的失忆作用的敏感性。 将包括瞳孔扩张的度量，​​以解决该范式中由于认知负荷引起的扩张是否明显。家居笼程序将使更多的研究人员能够获得吸引人的追踪技术，并减少这样做的技术困难。家庭笼程序还将减轻基于约束方法固有的NHP受试者的压力。这里提出的技术将对基于眼科医生，神经毒理学家和行为心理学家等眼睛措施的非传统使用者最有吸引力。