HIV Prevention: Strengthening Aboriginal Youth

艾滋病毒预防：加强原住民青年的力量

• 批准号: 6942353
• 负责人: BETSY DAVIS
• 金额: $ 61.01万
• 依托单位: OREGON RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6942353
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; Canada; Native Americans; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; coping; disease /disorder proneness /risk; educationally disadvantaged; family structure /dynamics; fetal alcohol syndrome; health behavior; health disparity; human subject; human therapy evaluation; model design /development; outcomes research; racial /ethnic difference; substance abuse related disorder; urban poverty area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The rates of AIDS/HIV, declining in the general population, are increasing for the young and those of minority status. New HIV/AIDS diagnoses in Native communities are on the increase, with the median age of the American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) HIV/AIDS population being younger than the overall U.S. population. The rising trend among Native people is not isolated to this country; rather the epidemic pervades international borders to impact Native people across the North American continent. A host of risk factors across demographic, social, and health domains are associated with increased risk for HIV infection and unduly affect the Native population. More live below the poverty line and are unemployed, disproportionately experience school failure and drop out, and evidence low adherence to health services. For Native families, European contact and subsequent colonization led to historical trauma that had an impact on cultural practices, individual functioning, parenting skills, family relations, and subsequently child adjustment. When compounded by society's failure to address the educational literacy needs of these youth, they have been rendered vulnerable, particularly when residing in urban areas fraught with contextual risks linked to substance use and HIV/AIDS infection. The current study proposes to implement and examine the efficacy of a literacy embedded family-based substance use/HIV risk intervention within an inner city, at-risk population of Native adolescents. Interventions will be implemented in the schools and the community by regular staff in those settings. Participants will be 180 Native adolescents (ages 12-14) in grades 6-8 residing in the Eastside area of Vancouver, British Columbia and their families. Families will be randomly assigned to either an academic + family or academic alone intervention with 90 families in each condition. Three academic assessments (pre-, mid-, and post school year) will include measures of reading fluency and comprehension, written expression, current grades, and attendance. Three family assessments (pre-, post-, and 6- month follow-up) will also be conducted to measure HIV risk behaviors, substance use, family functioning, and other problem behaviors. Intervention fidelity, interventionist cultural competence, and other culturally relevant variables will also be assessed. In targeting the intra- and interpersonal functioning in Native families as well as adolescent literacy deficits in a single intervention approach, we are attempting to address the widest array of risk and protective factors known to influence Native adolescent drug use and HIV-risk behaviors. In addition to testing the efficacy of our family-based intervention approach, this study will allow for development and testing of a culturally sensitive conceptual process model of theoretical constructs related to Native adolescent HIV risk and substance use behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：艾滋病/艾滋病毒感染率在一般人群中呈下降趋势，但在年轻人和少数族裔中却呈上升趋势。原住民社区的新艾滋病毒/艾滋病诊断数量正在增加，美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民 (AI/AN) 艾滋病毒/艾滋病人口的中位年龄比美国总人口年轻。土著人口的增长趋势并非孤立于这个国家。相反，这种流行病跨越了国际边界，影响了北美大陆的原住民。人口、社会和健康领域的许多风险因素与艾滋病毒感染风险增加有关，并对原住民产生过度影响。更多的人生活在贫困线以下并失业，不成比例地经历学业失败和辍学，并且对医疗服务的依从性很低。对于土著家庭来说，欧洲接触和随后的殖民化导致了历史创伤，对文化习俗、个人功能、养育技能、家庭关系以及随后的儿童适应产生了影响。由于社会未能满足这些年轻人的教育扫盲需求，他们变得更加脆弱，特别是当他们居住在充满与药物滥用和艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染相关的环境风险的城市地区时。目前的研究建议在内城区的原住民青少年高危人群中实施并检验基于家庭的物质使用/艾滋病毒风险干预的扫盲效果。干预措施将由学校和社区的正式工作人员在这些环境中实施。参与者将是居住在不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华东区的 180 名 6-8 年级原住民青少年（12-14 岁）及其家人。家庭将被随机分配到学术+家庭干预组或单独学术干预组，每种情况下有 90 个家庭。三项学术评估（学前、学中和学后）将包括阅读流畅性和理解力、书面表达、当前成绩和出勤率。还将进行三项家庭评估（事前、事后和 6 个月随访），以衡量 HIV 风险行为、药物使用、家庭功能和其他问题行为。干预保真度、干预主义文化能力和其他文化相关变量也将被评估。在以单一干预方法针对土著家庭内部和人际功能以及青少年识字缺陷的过程中，我们试图解决已知影响土著青少年吸毒和艾滋病毒危险行为的最广泛的风险和保护因素。除了测试我们基于家庭的干预方法的有效性外，这项研究还将允许开发和测试与本土青少年艾滋病毒风险和物质使用行为相关的理论构建的文化敏感概念过程模型。