Decision Making & Substance Abuse Among Inner-City Youth

决策

• 批准号: 7121702
• 负责人: JOHN M BOLLAND
• 金额: $ 46.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7121702
• 关键词: African American; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; community; decision making; disease /disorder proneness /risk; family structure /dynamics; human ecology; human subject; interpersonal relations; interview; longitudinal human study; low socioeconomic status; middle childhood (6-11); peer group; self concept; social problems; social psychology; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior; substance abuse related disorder; thinking; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite an intense health promotion campaign in past decades, many youths living in high-poverty neighborhoods have been seemingly immune to interventions designed to prevent or change unhealthy behaviors. One explanation for this failure is that the decision making styles of these youths, influenced by their developmental status, interact with the social and environmental factors associated with poverty to make them susceptible to risk behaviors. We explore this explanation using data collected from adolescents living in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods. The basic model guiding our research considers three multidimensional constructs as determinants of substance use among low-income adolescents: (a) developmental status (e.g., mental age; self concept;); (b) environment (e.g., peer and family relations; neighborhood problems); and (c) decision making processes, including both systematic cognitive processes (e.g., generative thinking) and heuristic processes (i.e., automated, unreflective processing). This model is tested using a longitudinal design in which we measure these constructs at three annual time points. Data are collected from 500 10- to 14-year old adolescents living in high-poverty neighborhoods in Mobile, AL; the longitudinal design allows us to examine developmental trajectories in the measured constructs and to infer causality. In addition to the data collected specifically for the proposed study, we will use data from the Mobile Youth Survey (MYS), a multiple cohort longitudinal study of adolescent risk behavior (based on approximately 300 questions) which we have conducted since 1998 and which will continue for at least five more years. All adolescents recruited for the proposed study will have at least one prior wave of MYS data, and they will participate in the MYS throughout the course of the proposed study.

描述（由申请人提供）： 尽管在过去几十年中进行了强烈的健康促进运动，但许多生活在高贫困社区的年轻人似乎对旨在预防或改变不健康行为的干预措施免疫。对此失败的一种解释是，这些年轻人的决策方式受其发展状况的影响，与与贫困相关的社会和环境因素互动，使他们容易受到风险行为的影响。我们使用生活在贫困城市内城社区中的青少年收集的数据来探讨这一解释。指导我们的研究的基本模型将三个多维结构视为低收入青少年中物质使用的决定因素：（a）发展状况（例如，精神年龄；自我概念；）； （b）环境（例如，同伴和家庭关系；邻里问题）； （c）决策过程，包括系统的认知过程（例如生成思维）和启发式过程（即自动化，不反射处理）。使用纵向设计对该模型进行测试，我们在三个年度时间点测量这些构造。数据收集了来自阿拉巴马州莫比尔的高贫困社区中的500至14岁青少年；纵向设计使我们能够检查测得的结构中的发展轨迹并推断因果关系。除了专门为拟议的研究收集的数据外，我们还将使用移动青年调查（MYS）的数据，这是一项对青少年风险行为的多次纵向研究（基于大约300个问题），这是我们自1998年以来进行的，并将持续至少五年。所有参加拟议研究的青少年将至少有一波Mys数据，他们将在拟议的研究的整个过程中参与MYS。