Vulnerability to Drug Abuse: Effects of Stressors & Stres

药物滥用的脆弱性：压力源的影响

• 批准号: 6968491
• 负责人: Elizabeth Jane Costello
• 金额: $ 47.88万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-30 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6968491
• 关键词: Epstein Barr virus; Native Americans; acute phase protein; adolescence (12-20); antiviral antibody; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; biomarker; cellular immunity; clinical research; comorbidity; cortisol; dehydroepiandrosterone; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug abuse; human subject; immune response; mental health epidemiology; posttraumatic stress disorder; psychological stressor; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This request for a competing continuation of DA011301-06, Vulnerability to drug abuse, responds to PA-04-100 Epidemiology of Drug Abuse. The application is based on the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a longitudinal, community-based study of 1,420 participants who assessed first in 1993, at age 9-13. They are now in their early 20's. This relatively poor, rural sample (25% of them American Indian) has a high prevalence of substance abuse or dependence (SUD) in adolescence, but there is evidence that this is leveling off as they reach adulthood. This final phase of GSMS will enable us to address several goals of the PA, including #4: "causal mechanisms leading to onset, maintenance, and remittance of drug abuse," and #5 "drug abuse over the life course, including developmental processes that influence drug use trajectories and behavioral, health, and social consequences of drug abuse." The focus of the application is to examine several biomarkers of stress in the context of stressor exposure: cortisol (baseline and reactivity) as a marker of acute stress, Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) as a marker of global well-being, C-reactive protein (CRP) as a measure of stress-induced inflammatory response, and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies as a marker of cell-mediated immune response. In addition, we examine PTSD symptoms as psychological responses to traumatic stressors. The goals of this application are: 1. To complete assays on already-collected blood spots, and to collect one more sample, to examine the relationships among biomarkers of stress, life stressors, and history of SUD. 2. To assess the sample at 25-26, using as before the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment together with measures of personality, physical health, educational, work, and relationship history, and a wide range of risk and protective factors on which we have up to 8 previous assessments. 3. To compare those with persistent SUD with desisters and those who have not developed SUD on their history of stress (indicated by the specified biomarkers) in response to a wide range of putative stressors, to begin to identify causal mechanisms linking stressor exposure, stress, and SUD.

描述（由申请人提供）：此请求对 DA011301-06（药物滥用的脆弱性）进行竞争延续，响应 PA-04-100 药物滥用流行病学。该应用程序基于大烟山研究，这是一项以社区为基础的纵向研究，共有 1,420 名参与者于 1993 年首次进行评估，年龄为 9 至 13 岁。他们现在20岁出头。这个相对贫困的农村样本（其中 25% 是美洲印第安人）在青春期的药物滥用或依赖 (SUD) 患病率很高，但有证据表明，这种情况在他们成年后会趋于平稳。 GMS 的最后阶段将使我们能够实现 PA 的几个目标，包括#4：“导致药物滥用发生、维持和转移的因果机制”，以及#5“整个生命过程中的药物滥用，包括发育过程影响药物使用轨迹以及药物滥用的行为、健康和社会后果。”该应用的重点是检查压力源暴露背景下的几种压力生物标志物：皮质醇（基线和反应性）作为急性压力的标志物、硫酸脱氢表雄酮 (DHEAS) 作为整体福祉的标志物、C 反应蛋白(CRP) 作为应激诱导炎症反应的衡量标准，EB 病毒 (EBV) 抗体作为细胞介导的免疫反应的标志物。此外，我们将 PTSD 症状视为对创伤性压力源的心理反应。该应用程序的目标是： 1. 完成已采集血点的检测，并再采集一份样本，以检查压力生物标志物、生活压力源和 SUD 病史之间的关系。 2. 评估 25-26 岁的样本，使用之前的青少年精神病学评估以及人格、身体健康、教育、工作和人际关系历史的测量，以及我们所掌握的广泛的风险和保护因素。至 8 次之前的评估。 3. 比较那些患有持续性 SUD 的人与那些没有发生 SUD 的人对各种假定压力源的压力史（由指定的生物标志物指示），以开始识别压力源暴露、压力之间的因果机制和 SUD。