Learned vocal representations in avian basal ganglia

学习鸟类基底神经节的声音表征

• 批准号: 6989139
• 负责人: Richard D Mooney
• 金额: $ 30.49万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-01-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6989139
• 关键词: Aves; action potentials; animal communication behavior; auditory feedback; basal ganglia; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; brain electrical activity; developmental neurobiology; electrophysiology; learning; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuropharmacology; synapses; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our objective is to analyze at the synaptic level how sensory and motor representations of learned vocalizations propagate and are transformed in basal ganglia pathways of the songbird. The songbird is an essential model for exploring auditory-vocal interactions akin to those underlying human speech, because birdsong and speech require auditory feedback and involve basal ganglia pathways. The songbird brain contains a well-defined circuit for singing and song learning, including a basal ganglia pathway essential to audition-dependent song plasticity and perception. An anatomically dedicated and electrophysiological identifiable pool of neurons in the pallial nucleus HVC (HVCx neurons) is the putative source of song-related auditory and motor activity in the basal ganglia pathway. Here we seek to explore how HVCx neurons synaptically signal their basal ganglia targets during singing and auditory presentation of the same song. This proposal's overarching goals are to test in adult songbirds whether: 1) inhibition onto HVCX neurons disinhibits the output of the basal ganglia pathway, 2) HVCx cells transmit temporally similar patterns of activity during singing and song playback, and 3) altered sensory feedback disrupts this sensory-motor similarity. The clinical significance of this proposal is two-fold. First, by using intracellular recordings in the anesthetized bird and extracellular recordings from identified neurons in the freely behaving animal, the proposed experiments will provide unusual insight into synaptic processing of behaviorally salient patterns of activity in basal ganglia pathways. Second, an increasing body of research including an analysis of heritable dyspraxias, stuttering, spontaneous vocalization in Tourette's syndrome and dysarthria in Parkinson's disease, points to an important role for the basal ganglia in human speech. Therefore, this research will illuminate generalized aspects of sensorimotor processing in the basal ganglia, while revealing specialized aspects of auditory-vocal processing in basal ganglia pathways important to vocal learning and maintenance.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的目的是在突触级别分析学习发声的感觉和运动表示如何传播，并在鸣禽的基底神经节途径中转化。鸣禽是探索类似于人类言语的听觉 - 声音相互作用的重要模型，因为鸟鸣和言语需要听觉反馈并涉及基底神经节途径。鸣禽的大脑包含一个定义明确的唱歌和歌曲学习的电路，其中包括基底神经节途径，对于试听依赖的歌曲可塑性和感知所必需。乳腺核HVC（HVCX神经元）中神经元的解剖学专用和电生理可识别的神经元库是基础神经节途径中与歌曲相关的听觉和运动活动的推定来源。在这里，我们试图探索HVCX神经元如何在同一首歌的唱歌和听觉呈现过程中突触其基底神经节的目标。该提案的总体目标是在成年鸣鸟中测试是否：1）抑制对HVCX神经元的抑制，抑制了基底神经节途径的输出，2）HVCX细胞在唱歌和歌曲播放过程中传播时间上相似的活动模式，而3）改变了感觉反馈这种感觉运动相似。该提案的临床意义是两个倍。首先，通过在自由表现动物中发现的麻醉鸟和来自鉴定神经元的细胞外记录中使用细胞内记录，提出的实验将为基础神经节途径中行为显着的活动模式的突触处理提供异常的见解。其次，越来越多的研究包括分析可遗传性障碍，口吃，图雷特综合症中的自发发声和帕金森氏病的构造障碍，这表明了基底神经节在人类言论中的重要作用。因此，这项研究将阐明基底神经节中感觉运动处理的一般方面，同时揭示了基底神经节途径中听觉量处理的专业方面，这对声音学习和维护很重要。