Icon Teacher: Stimulus Control Shaping Technology

Icon老师：刺激控制塑造技术

• 批准号: 6892157
• 负责人: RICHARD W SERNA
• 金额: $ 42.59万
• 依托单位: PRAXIS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6892157
• 关键词: behavior modification; behavioral /social science research tag; choice; clinical research; computer assisted instruction; computer program /software; educational resource design /development; human subject; interactive multimedia; learning; mental retardation education /training; symbolism; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Phase II project will complete the development of Icon Teacher, a product intended for certain children who require augmentative/alternative communication (AAC) intervention. In AAC systems, children who have not learned to speak may indicate wants and needs by responding nonverbally to symbols that represent desired items or activities (sometimes called "selection-based communication"). Icon Teacher is intended to teach a critical prerequisite for some types of AAC communication - discrimination of icons that are used to represent such items or activities. For present purposes, icons may be defined as physically nonidentical, functionally equivalent stimuli that can serve a representational function within an AAC system. Icon Teacher will be a computer-assisted instructional program to teach equivalence relations between icons and realistic color photographs. The program has three major components: (1) an initial assessment of child readiness for discriminating AAC icons; (2) a programmed instructional sequence for children who do not readily learn the requisite equivalence relations; and (3) a generalization component for skills to a medium selected by the teacher (i.e., handheld device, portable computer screen, or tabletop printed notebook). The instructional component will implement newly developed stimulus control shaping methods that have been shown to teach equivalence relations effectively. When the child completes the Icon Teacher program, s/he will be prepared for the next stage of AAC instruction in which response to the icons is established as an effective method of functional communication.

描述（由申请人提供）：本II阶段项目将完成ICON老师的开发，Icon教师是针对某些需要增强/替代交流（AAC）干预的儿童的产品。在AAC系统中，尚未学会说话的孩子可以通过非言语响应代表所需项目或活动的符号（有时称为“基于选择的交流”）来表明需求和需求。图标老师旨在向某些类型的AAC沟通教授至关重要的先决条件 - 歧视用于代表此类项目或活动的图标。出于当前目的，图标可以定义为物理非相同的功能等效刺激，可以在AAC系统中发挥代表性功能。图标老师将是一项计算机辅助的教学计划，以教授图标和现实颜色照片之间的等价关系。该计划具有三个主要组成部分：（1）对儿童准备就绪的初步评估，以区分AAC图标； （2）针对不容易学习必要的等价关系的儿童的编程教学顺序； （3）技能的概括组件是由教师选择的媒介（即手持设备，便携式计算机屏幕或桌面印刷笔记本）。教学组件将实施新开发的刺激控制塑形方法，这些方法已证明可以有效地教授等效关系。当孩子完成图标教师计划时，他/他将为下一阶段的AAC指导做好准备，其中将对图标的响应确立为有效的功能交流方法。