Improving Measurement of Child Psychopathology

改进儿童精神病理学的测量

• 批准号: 6788304
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER PAUL LUCAS
• 金额: $ 10.82万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6788304
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); audiotape; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; computer assisted diagnosis; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; mental disorder diagnosis; method development; motivation; parents; preschool child (1-5); psychometrics; psychopathology; questionnaires; sign /symptom

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For the past number of years I have studied diagnostic screening and psychiatric diagnostic methods in children and adolescents. This work has included creation of DSM-IV compatible versions of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV) and the DISC Predictive Scales (DPS) as well as investigating the science of self-report, and understanding the mechanisms behind unreliability of symptom reports. I have researched the value of computerized self-assessment, both as a more sensitive method of gathering certain types of information and as a uniquely useful tool for public health psychiatry and epidemiological research. In addition to existing work on experimental approaches aimed at improving the reliability of diagnostic assessment and an ongoing program of development and psychometric testing of diagnostic screening instruments, this Independent Scientist Award will enable me to answer important questions regarding the validity of measurement of child psychopathology. Three areas will be studied: 1. Diagnosis in young children: Despite strong clinical and epidemiological needs, the methods and techniques for determining accurate diagnostic status are lacking. Via a multi-modal longitudinal validity study of 120 pre-school children, derived from a pediatric primary care population, it is intended to: Study the necessary symptom and contextual information for diagnosis; Develop the diagnostic methods and protocols required for accurate assessment; Assess the predictive validity of DSM-IV and alternative diagnostic algorithms; and Examine the relative value of information from different informants and the optimal methods for its synthesis. 2. Audio-CASI: Computerized self-interviewing with audio (A-CAST) has been shown to yield increased reporting of sensitive symptoms. The validity of these reports will be examined by comparing reports of drug/alcohol usage to objective biological assays (hair and urinalysis) in a sample of 2,000 high-risk youth. 3. Discrepant reports: Unreliability in repeated measures is a major problem to both epidemiological and treatment researchers. The predictive validity of discrepant reports will be assessed in a sample of 300 community adolescents and their parents who previously had participated in a test-retest study.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的几年中，我研究了儿童的诊断筛查和精神病诊断方法 青少年。这项工作包括创建DSM-IV兼容版本的 儿童诊断面试时间表（DISC-IV）和光盘 预测量表（DPS）以及研究自我报告的科学， 并了解症状报告不可靠的机制。我 已经研究了计算机自我评估的价值 收集某些类型的信息的敏感方法，并作为独特的 公共卫生精神病学和流行病学研究的有用工具。在 在实验方法上的现有工作旨在改善 诊断评估的可靠性以及正在进行的开发计划和 诊断筛查工具的心理测试测试，该独立 科学家奖将使我能够回答有关 儿童心理病理学测量的有效性。将研究三个领域： 1。幼儿诊断：尽管临床和流行病学强大 确定准确诊断状态的需求，方法和技术 缺乏。通过120个学龄前儿童的多模式纵向有效性研究 儿童是从儿科初级保健人群中得出的，旨在： 研究诊断的必要症状和上下文信息；发展 准确评估所需的诊断方法和协议；评估 DSM-IV和替代诊断算法的预测有效性；和 检查来自不同线人的信息的相对价值和 其合成的最佳方法。 2。Audio-Casi：计算机化 用音频（A-Cast）进行自我浏览已显示出增加 敏感症状的报告。这些报告的有效性将进行检查 通过比较药物/酒精使用的报告与客观生物学测定（头发 和尿液分析）在2,000名高风险青年样本中。 3。差异报告： 重复度量的不可靠性是两个流行病学的主要问题 和治疗研究人员。差异报告的预测有效性将 在300名社区青少年及其父母的样本中进行评估 以前参加了一项重测研究。