Improving Measurement of Child Psychopathology

改进儿童精神病理学的测量

• 批准号: 6788304
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER PAUL LUCAS
• 金额: $ 10.82万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-15 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6788304
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); audiotape; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; computer assisted diagnosis; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; mental disorder diagnosis; method development; motivation; parents; preschool child (1-5); psychometrics; psychopathology; questionnaires; sign /symptom

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For the past number of years I have studied diagnostic screening and psychiatric diagnostic methods in children and adolescents. This work has included creation of DSM-IV compatible versions of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV) and the DISC Predictive Scales (DPS) as well as investigating the science of self-report, and understanding the mechanisms behind unreliability of symptom reports. I have researched the value of computerized self-assessment, both as a more sensitive method of gathering certain types of information and as a uniquely useful tool for public health psychiatry and epidemiological research. In addition to existing work on experimental approaches aimed at improving the reliability of diagnostic assessment and an ongoing program of development and psychometric testing of diagnostic screening instruments, this Independent Scientist Award will enable me to answer important questions regarding the validity of measurement of child psychopathology. Three areas will be studied: 1. Diagnosis in young children: Despite strong clinical and epidemiological needs, the methods and techniques for determining accurate diagnostic status are lacking. Via a multi-modal longitudinal validity study of 120 pre-school children, derived from a pediatric primary care population, it is intended to: Study the necessary symptom and contextual information for diagnosis; Develop the diagnostic methods and protocols required for accurate assessment; Assess the predictive validity of DSM-IV and alternative diagnostic algorithms; and Examine the relative value of information from different informants and the optimal methods for its synthesis. 2. Audio-CASI: Computerized self-interviewing with audio (A-CAST) has been shown to yield increased reporting of sensitive symptoms. The validity of these reports will be examined by comparing reports of drug/alcohol usage to objective biological assays (hair and urinalysis) in a sample of 2,000 high-risk youth. 3. Discrepant reports: Unreliability in repeated measures is a major problem to both epidemiological and treatment researchers. The predictive validity of discrepant reports will be assessed in a sample of 300 community adolescents and their parents who previously had participated in a test-retest study.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的几年里，我研究了儿童和精神病学的诊断筛查和精神病学诊断方法。 青少年。这项工作包括创建 DSM-IV 兼容版本 儿童诊断访谈计划 (DISC-IV) 和 DISC 预测量表（DPS）以及调查自我报告的科学性， 并了解症状报告不可靠背后的机制。我 研究了计算机化自我评估的价值，既作为一种更 收集某些类型信息的敏感方法，并作为一种独特的方法 公共卫生精神病学和流行病学研究的有用工具。在 除了现有的旨在改进实验方法的工作之外 诊断评估的可靠性以及持续的开发计划和 诊断筛查仪器的心理测量测试，该独立 科学家奖将使我能够回答有关 儿童精神病理学测量的有效性。将研究三个领域： 1.幼儿诊断：尽管有强有力的临床和流行病学证据 确定准确诊断状态的需求、方法和技术 缺乏。通过对 120 名学前儿童进行的多模式纵向有效性研究 儿童来自儿科初级保健人群，其目的是： 研究诊断所需的症状和背景信息；发展 准确评估所需的诊断方法和方案；评估 DSM-IV 和替代诊断算法的预测有效性；和 检查来自不同信息提供者的信息的相对价值以及 其合成的最佳方法。 2. 音频-CASI：计算机化 音频自我访谈 (A-CAST) 已被证明可以提高产量 报告敏感症状。这些报告的有效性将受到审查 通过将药物/酒精使用报告与客观生物测定（头发 和尿液分析），对 2000 名高危青少年进行了抽样调查。 3. 不一致的报告： 重复测量的不可靠性是流行病学和流行病学方面的一个主要问题 和治疗研究人员。差异报告的预测有效性将 在 300 名社区青少年及其父母的样本中进行评估 之前曾参加过一项重测研究。