Pubertal Maturation & Drug Use Vulnerability

青春期成熟

• 批准号: 6863383
• 负责人: Ronald E. Dahl
• 金额: $ 34.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6863383
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; biological signal transduction; clinical research; decision making; disease /disorder proneness /risk; dopamine; emotions; genetic susceptibility; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human puberty; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; motivation; neuroendocrine system; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; reinforcer; sensation; serotonin; substance abuse related disorder

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application describes a developmental study of emotion, motivation, and decision-making in adolescence. The study focuses on the neural basis for affective changes during pubertal maturation, with an emphasis on sensation-seeking, reward-seeking, and risk-taking relevant to understanding adolescent vulnerability to substance use disorders. The design is aimed at disentangling puberty-dependent versus puberty-independent aspects of adolescent behavioral and brain development. This will be accomplished by comparing samples matched on age but differing in pubertal maturation and then re-studying each sample after two years of additional development. Measures at each time point will include: structural and functional imaging of neural systems mediating affective behaviors; behavioral measures of decision-making and inhibitory control; and experience-sampling measures of adolescents' mood, motivation, and reward-seeking behavior in their natural home environments. In addition, the study will examine the influence of heritable variation in monoamine function (dopamine and serotonin) on the development of these neural systems and affective behaviors. Through the convergence of these methodologies, this study aims at understanding maturational shifts in the functional relationships between limbic and prefrontal brain regions that may contribute to a transient increase in the tendency toward risky behavior and cause these behaviors to be experienced as more rewarding in adolescence--particularly in some individuals and in some social contexts. The short-term goals of this work are to test hypotheses about puberty-specific changes in affective brain systems that influence decision-making in adolescents and key sources of individual differences during this developmental period. The long-term goals of this work are to identify developmental pathways and biological mechanisms of vulnerability toward substance use disorders in ways that will inform early intervention and prevention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该应用程序描述了青春期情绪、动机和决策的发展研究。该研究的重点是青春期成熟期间情感变化的神经基础，重点是与了解青少年对药物滥用障碍的脆弱性相关的感觉寻求、奖励寻求和冒险。该设计旨在理清青少年行为和大脑发育中青春期依赖与青春期独立的方面。这将通过比较年龄匹配但青春期成熟程度不同的样本，然后在两年的额外发育后重新研究每个样本来实现。每个时间点的测量将包括： 调节情感行为的神经系统的结构和功能成像；决策和抑制控制的行为测量；对青少年在自然家庭环境中的情绪、动机和寻求奖励行为的体验抽样测量。此外，该研究还将研究单胺功能（多巴胺和血清素）的遗传变异对这些神经系统和情感行为发育的影响。通过这些方法的融合，这项研究旨在了解边缘系统和前额叶大脑区域之间功能关系的成熟变化，这些变化可能会导致危险行为倾向的短暂增加，并导致这些行为在青春期被体验为更有价值。 -特别是在某些个人和某些社会背景下。 这项工作的短期目标是检验有关青春期情感大脑系统特定变化的假设，这些变化影响青少年的决策以及该发育时期个体差异的关键来源。这项工作的长期目标是确定易受药物滥用障碍影响的发育途径和生物学机制，为早期干预和预防策略提供信息。