Developmental Stuttering: MRI Studies in Children

发育性口吃：儿童 MRI 研究

• 批准号: 6798231
• 负责人: Anne L Foundas
• 金额: $ 7.43万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6798231
• 关键词: behavior test; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain morphology; clinical research; developmental disease /disorder; gender difference; genetic polymorphism; handedness; language; magnetic resonance imaging; middle childhood (6-11); neuropsychological tests; patient oriented research; psychomotor function; questionnaires; speech; stuttering

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is compelling new evidence that adults with persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) have anomalous anatomy in perisylvian speech, language, and motor areas on volumetric MRI, but these imaging methods have not been used to study children who do and do not stutter. Because of recent strong evidence that children with PDS are likely to be genetically different from children with transient developmental stuttering (TDS), it is important to study these two groups as it is unclear whether they are also biologically distinct in terms of brain morphology. The major aim of this project is to use in vivo volumetric MRI methods to study speech, language, and motor regions in children with PDS (n=30), children with TDS (n=30) and normally fluent children (n=30) matched for sex, handedness, age, and education. Regions of interest (R0ls) implicated by a model of stuttering positing an outer linguistic and an inner phonological-motor loop will be studied, including: (1) perisylvian speech-language areas (outer linguistic loop), and (2) cortical-subcortical motor areas (inner phonatory loop). It is hypothesized that asymmetry patterns of perisylvian and motor regions will be disrupted in children who stutter, and anomalous anatomy defined as altered volumes and disturbed gyral patterns may dissociate the children with TDS from those with PDS and from controls. It is unclear, however, whether the PDS group will have distinct anatomic features compared to the TDS group, or whether the PDS group will have more anatomic anomalies compared to the TDS group. Anatomical regions may deviate in concert, suggesting a severity effect, or specific regions may deviate independently, suggesting that multiple combinations result in stuttering. We will investigate whether specific regions are more likely to be atypical in severely dysfluent subjects, or whether specific configurations are associated with specific stuttering symptoms or with measures of speech motor control. We are also interested in whether there are distinct anatomical features within subgroups based on sex, and hand preference, because we found important differences in adults with PDS based on these variables. These proposed studies will provide a biological framework to learn more about brain morphology in children who do and do not stutter, provide information to develop targeted behavioral and pharmacological interventions, and may lead to earlier detection of children at risk for developmental stuttering.

描述（由申请人提供）：有令人信服的新证据表明，患有持续性发育性口吃 (PDS) 的成年人在体积 MRI 上的侧裂周围言语、语言和运动区域存在异常解剖结构，但这些成像方法尚未用于研究患有持续性发育性口吃 (PDS) 的儿童。并且不要口吃。最近有强有力的证据表明，患有 PDS 的儿童可能与患有短暂性发育性口吃 (TDS) 的儿童存在遗传差异，因此研究这两组儿童非常重要，因为目前尚不清楚他们在大脑形态方面是否也存在生物学差异。该项目的主要目的是使用体内体积 MRI 方法来研究 PDS 儿童 (n=30)、TDS 儿童 (n=30) 和正常流利儿童 (n=30) 的言语、语言和运动区域与性别、惯用手、年龄和教育程度相匹配。将研究口吃模型所涉及的感兴趣区域（R0ls），该模型假定外部语言和内部语音运动循环，包括：（1） 侧裂区言语语言区（外语言环），以及（2）皮质-皮质下运动区（内发声环）。据推测，口吃儿童的侧裂周围和运动区域的不对称模式会被破坏，而定义为体积改变和脑回模式紊乱的异常解剖结构可能会使 TDS 儿童与 PDS 儿童和对照组儿童分离。然而，目前尚不清楚 PDS 组是否会比 TDS 组具有明显的解剖特征，或者 PDS 组是否会比 TDS 组有更多的解剖异常。解剖区域可能会一致偏离，表明存在严重影响，或者特定区域可能独立偏离，表明多种组合会导致口吃。我们将调查严重流利障碍受试者的特定区域是否更可能不典型，或者特定配置是否与特定口吃症状或言语运动控制措施相关。我们还对亚组内是否存在独特的解剖学特征感兴趣 基于性别和手部偏好，因为我们根据这些变量发现患有 PDS 的成年人存在重要差异。这些拟议的研究将提供一个生物学框架，以更多地了解口吃和不口吃儿童的大脑形态，为制定有针对性的行为和药物干预措施提供信息，并可能有助于更早地发现有发展性口吃风险的儿童。