Decision Making of Parents to Vaccinate Children

父母为儿童接种疫苗的决定

• 批准号: 6825920
• 负责人: DANIEL A SALMON
• 金额: $ 13.39万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6825920
• 关键词: active immunization; attitude; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; children; clinical research; decision making; disease /disorder prevention /control; health behavior; health care personnel; health care personnel performance; health care service evaluation; health care service utilization; health services research tag; human subject; longitudinal human study; outcomes research; patient care personnel relations; patient oriented research; perception; questionnaires

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health care providers have a great deal of influence on parents with regard to vaccination of children. The characteristics of a child's health care provider may be more influential on vaccination decisions than the characteristics of the child or family. School personnel also have influence on the decisions of parents to vaccinate their children as the vaccine related knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of school personnel have been associated with parental decisions to vaccinate. Bioterriorism issues have heightened our awareness of vaccine misperceptions among the public and health care providers. Perception of immunization to prevent biological threats may differ from perceptions of vaccines targeting naturally occurring diseases. Providers and the general public may be more willing to accept rare, serious vaccine associated adverse events to prevent diseases known to cause significant morbidity and mortality than for vaccines to prevent diseases that are of theoretical risk. The study's specific aims are to: (1) Conduct a controlled evaluation of two interventions for school nurses/personnel and parents considering or requesting an exemption regarding state immunization requirements, vaccine preventable diseases, vaccine safety and efficacy, and vaccine related misconceptions; (2) Compare the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding vaccines of health care providers for children who are not fully vaccinated (exempt) with health care providers for fully vaccinated children; and (3) Determine if vaccine related knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of health care providers are associated with vaccine related knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of parents. In order to address these aims, an intervention study will be conducted in Washington State of school personnel and parents considering or requesting a school immunization exemption. Additionally, a survey will be conducted of 1,000 health care providers identified by the parents of fully vaccinated and non-vaccinated (exempt) children. Health care provider surveys will be linked to parental surveys that have already been completed. Throughout this grant I will improve my training in the theories, application and statistical methods of behavioral science, risk assessment and risk communication. I will be guided by my primary mentor, Dr. Neal Halsey, from Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, and a Advisory Council of mentors, including Professor Teret and Drs. Roter, Curbow, Latkin, and Celentano from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Dr. Bostrom from Georgia Institute of Technology, Dr. Fischhoff from Carnegie Mellon University, and Dr. Marcuse from Children's Hospital in Seattle and the University of Washington. These mentors will work with me through a combination of coursework, directed readings and supervised research over the course of this award.

描述（由申请人提供）：医疗保健提供者对父母在儿童疫苗接种方面有很大影响。与儿童或家庭的特征相比，儿童医疗保健提供者的特征可能对疫苗接种决策的影响更大。学校人员还对父母的决定有影响，因为与疫苗相关的知识，学校人员的态度和信念与父母的疫苗接种决定有关。生物领域的问题提高了我们对公共和医疗保健提供者中疫苗误解的认识。对防止生物威胁的免疫感知可能与针对自然发生疾病的疫苗的看法有所不同。提供者和公众可能更愿意接受罕见的，严重的疫苗相关的不良事件，以预防已知会引起大量发病率和死亡率的疾病，而不是疫苗预防理论风险的疾病。 该研究的具体目的是：（1）对学校护士/人员和父母的两种干预措施进行对照评估，这些干预措施考虑或要求对州免疫要求，可预防疫苗预防疾病，疫苗安全和有效性以及疫苗相关的误解予以豁免； （2）将有关未完全接种疫苗（豁免）的儿童的医疗保健提供者疫苗的知识，态度，信念和实践比较与完全疫苗接种的儿童的知识，态度，信念和实践； （3）确定医疗保健提供者的疫苗，态度和信念是否与疫苗相关的知识，态度和信念有关。 为了解决这些目标，将在华盛顿州的学校人员和父母进行干预研究，以考虑或要求豁免学校免疫。此外，将对完全接种疫苗和非疫苗接种（豁免）儿童的父母确定的1,000名卫生保健提供者进行调查。医疗保健提供者的调查将与已经完成的父母调查有关。 在整个赠款中，我将改善对行为科学，风险评估和风险交流的理论，应用和统计方法的培训。我将由约翰·霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院的主要导师尼尔·哈尔西（Neal Halsey）博士以及包括Teret教授和博士在内的咨询委员会的指导。约翰·霍普金斯彭博公共卫生学院的roter，Curbow，Latkin和Celentano，佐治亚理工学院的Bostrom博士，Carnegie Mellon大学的Fischhoff博士以及西雅图儿童医院的Marcuse博士和华盛顿大学的Marcuse博士。这些导师将通过课程工作，定向阅读和监督研究的结合在此奖项中与我合作。