Influence of tRNA structure on protein synthesis

tRNA结构对蛋白质合成的影响

• 批准号: 6740532
• 负责人: LUKE D SHERLIN
• 金额: $ 3.05万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6740532
• 关键词: RNA binding protein; aminoacid analog; catalyst; chemical kinetics; enzyme activity; fluorescent dye /probe; genetic translation; guanosine triphosphate; nucleic acid structure; postdoctoral investigator; protein biosynthesis; protein protein interaction; ribosomal proteins; ribosomes; thermodynamics; transfer RNA; translation factor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The translational machinery of the ribosome performs the essential task of protein synthesis. In order to do this it must properly coordinate the interaction of the anticodon of each tRNA with the appropriate mRNA codon and catalyze peptidyl bond formation at a site more than 70 A away. The relatively constant rate of protein synthesis implies that each tRNA must interact with the ribosome similarly, despite significant differences in tRNA sequence, amino acid identity, and anticodon identity. It has been suggested that small differences tRNA structure and the presence of modified residues play a role in modulating the interactions of tRNA with the ribosome. Novel methods of tRNA construction, in concert with new thermodynamic and kinetic assays, will be applied to (1) determine how different tRNAs are built to maintain uniform ground-state thermodynamic interactions with the ribosome, and (2) to establish how tRNA structure modulates the movement of tRNAs on the ribosome during translation. The experiments are designed to understand the dependence of protein synthesis on tRNA-ribosome interactions.

描述（由申请人提供）：核糖体的翻译机制执行蛋白质合成的基本任务。为了做到这一点，它必须正确协调每个 tRNA 的反密码子与适当的 mRNA 密码子的相互作用，并在距离超过 70 A 的位点催化肽基键的形成。相对恒定的蛋白质合成速率意味着，尽管 tRNA 序列、氨基酸同一性和反密码子同一性存在显着差异，但每种 tRNA 必须与核糖体相互作用相似。有人提出，tRNA 结构的微小差异和修饰残基的存在在调节 tRNA 与核糖体的相互作用中发挥作用。 tRNA 构建的新方法与新的热力学和动力学测定相结合，将应用于 (1) 确定如何构建不同的 tRNA 以维持与核糖体均匀的基态热力学相互作用，以及 (2) 确定 tRNA 结构如何调节翻译过程中 tRNA 在核糖体上的运动。这些实验旨在了解蛋白质合成对 tRNA-核糖体相互作用的依赖性。