Prokaryotic Chromatin and Transcriptional Regulation

原核染色质和转录调控

• 批准号: 6605696
• 负责人: ERNEST PETER GEIDUSCHEK
• 金额: $ 28.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-04-01 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6605696
• 关键词: Archaea; DNA directed RNA polymerase; chromatin; genetic mapping; genetic promoter element; genetic transcription; histones; microorganism genetics; nucleic acid sequence; prokaryote; protein structure

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research program deals with basic mechanisms for regulating activities of genes. Its significance for human health relates to the requirement for broad and fundamental understanding of transcription mechanisms and their associated protein-nucleic acid interactions as the basis for precise and specifically targeted therapeutic interventions in gene expression. The proposed research analyzes transcription and transcriptional regulation in the archaea. Archaea are prokaryotes, like bacteria. The appreciation that they have a very special significance for understanding universal aspects of transcription mechanism is based on only recently acquired information, which specifies that archaeal transcription and gene regulation systems are hybrids of bacterial and eukaryotic components: their polymerases and core transcription factors are organized along eukaryotic lines, and many archaea possess histones, another eukaryotic "hallmark," while their transcriptional regulators appear to be of bacterial type. It is this combination of elements commonly regarded as mutually exclusive that promises unifying insights into fundamental transcription mechanisms. The following principal lines of research on archaeal transcription, transcriptional regulators and chromatin are proposed: one group of projects deals with the internal structure of archaeal RNA polymerase transcription complexes. Protein-nucleic acid contacts in different functional forms of these complexes will be mapped to answer specific questions about promoter recognition, polymerase recruitment, promoter opening and transcript elongation. Specific projects on archaeal histones focus on their effects on initiation and on whether they impede elongation of transcription. The effects of transcription elongation factors on RNA chain elongation and termination in the presence and absence of histones will also be examined. An additional group of projects on transcriptional regulators places its emphasis on two therrnostable archaeal homologues of broad-range (positive and negative) bacterial transcriptional regulators. Specific projects deal with the structures of complexes of these proteins with their own promoters, their effects on transcription and their competition with histones in modulating transcription.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究计划涉及基本 调节基因活性的机制。它对人的意义 健康与对广泛和基本了解的要求有关 转录机制及其相关蛋白核酸相互作用 作为精确和专门针对的治疗干预措施的基础 基因表达。 提出的研究分析了转录和转录调节 古细菌。古细菌是原核生物，如细菌。他们的赞赏 对于理解的普遍方面具有非常特殊的意义 转录机制仅基于最近获得的信息，该信息 指定古细菌转录和基因调节系统是杂种 细菌和真核成分：它们的聚合酶和核心 转录因子沿真核线和许多古细菌组织 拥有组蛋白，另一个真核生物“标志”，而其转录 调节剂似乎是细菌类型。这是元素的组合 通常被认为是互斥的，承诺将见解统一 基本转录机制。 以下关于古细菌转录的主要研究线 提出了转录调节器和染色质：一组项目 处理古细菌RNA聚合酶转录的内部结构 复合物。蛋白质核酸接触以不同的功能形式 复合物将被映射以回答有关发起人的特定问题 识别，聚合酶募集，启动子开放和成绩单 伸长。关于古细胞蛋白的特定项目集中于其对 启动以及它们是否阻碍了转录的延伸。效果 RNA链伸长和终止的转录伸长因子 还将检查组蛋白的存在和不存在。另一组 转录调节器的项目将其重点放在两个 宽范围（正和负）的可靠的可古细胞同源物 细菌转录调节剂。具体项目涉及 这些蛋白质的复合物结构与自己的促进者，他们的 对转录及其与组蛋白的竞争的影响 转录。