The Role of Visual Stimuli in Emmetropization and Myopia

视觉刺激在正视化和近视中的作用

• 批准号: 6535410
• 负责人: ALAN BUSBY
• 金额: $ 13.45万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6535410
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; bioassay; chickens; choroid uvea; clinical research; eye accommodation; eye refractometry; growth /development; high performance liquid chromatography; human subject; ion exchange chromatography; myopia; nucleic acid quantitation /detection; organ culture; retinoids; sclera; space perception; ultrasonography; vision tests; visual fixation; visual pathways; visual perception; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This KO8 award will allow an optometrist with a M.S. in vision science to obtain expertise and proficiency in research on myopia, emmetropization, and accommodation. The candidate's long-term goal is to do independent research in this field and eventually have his own laboratory. The long-term goals of the research are to understand how visual stimuli affect the emmetropization process, what biochemical pathways are involved, how this information relates to myopia in humans, as well as how the human accommodative system works. The chick has been the animal that has yielded the most information about emmetropization and myopia development, and is therefore the best animal for this research. The research on human accommodation may provide insight into the eye's emmetropization processes and to provide the candidate with experience studying accommodation in humans. Important skills to be learned will include: creating stimuli that illuminate particular aspects of the visual system, using refractive and ultrasound techniques to analyze the chicks' eye growth, and learning laboratory techniques to analyze the visually-related biochemical pathways. Among these biochemical techniques are: protein assays, high pressure liquid chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, luciferase assay, DNA quantitation, cell culture techniques, and dissection. In the studies on human subjects the applicant will learn to build, calibrate, and maintain electro-optical systems for monitoring fixation and accommodation and create computer generated images stimuli that explore the visual processing that drives accommodation. The KO8 award would also prepare the applicant to become an independent researcher through a series of graduate courses leading to a Ph.D. in Biology with a specialization in Neuroscience. This aspect of the work would include: laboratory work, teaching undergraduate students, and presenting and discussing research findings with colleagues. The supervised research plan will examine the following questions: 1 ) what role does spatial frequency information play in emmetropization (explored experimentally by studies of compensation for spectacle lenses in chicks), 2) can the spatio-temporal characteristics of chickemmetropization and human accommodation be evaluated by the use dynamic random noise stimuli, 3) does retinoic acid participate in emmetropization by influencing the sclera, the choroid, or both.

描述（由申请人提供）：该KO8奖将允许具有M.S.的验光师视觉科学获得的旨在获得有关近视，弹性化和适应性研究的专业知识和熟练程度。候选人的长期目标是在该领域进行独立研究，并最终拥有自己的实验室。该研究的长期目标是了解视觉刺激如何影响弹性化过程，涉及哪些生化途径，这些信息与人类近视的关系以及人类的宽容系统的工作方式。这只小鸡一直是有关弹性化和近视发育的最多信息的动物，因此是这项研究的最佳动物。关于人类住宿的研究可能会深入了解眼睛的弹性化过程，并为候选人提供在人类中学习的经验。要学习的重要技能将包括：创建刺激，使用屈光和超声技术来阐明视觉系统的特定方面，以分析雏鸡的眼睛生长，并学习实验室技术来分析视觉上相关的生化途径。这些生化技术包括：蛋白质测定，高压液相色谱，离子交换色谱，荧光素酶测定，DNA定量，细胞培养技术和解剖。在有关人类受试者的研究中，申请人将学习建立，校准和维护电光系统，以监视固定和适应性，并创建计算机生成的图像刺激，以探索驱动容纳的视觉处理。 KO8奖还将通过一系列的研究生课程为申请人做好准备，成为一名独立研究人员。在生物学领域，具有神经科学专业。这项工作的这一方面将包括：实验室工作，教学本科生，以及与同事介绍和讨论研究结果。监督研究计划将研究以下问题：1）空间频率信息在浮雕化中的作用（通过对小鸡中奇观镜的补偿进行实验探索），2），2）2）可以通过使用动态噪声刺激效果来评估雏鸡对鸡的时空特征和人类适应性的评估。 两个都。