ANIMAL NEUROIMAGING AND CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

动物神经成像和细胞生理学

• 批准号: 6587591
• 负责人: Robert D Frisina
• 金额: $ 23.07万
• 依托单位: ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6587591
• 关键词: aging; animal old age; auditory nuclei; auditory stimulus; calbindin; calcium; calcium indicator; calretinin; cochlea; ear hair cell; electrophysiology; ethology; gene expression; immunocytochemistry; inferior colliculus; juvenile animal; laboratory mouse; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurons; neurophysiology; noise; presbycusis; tissue /cell culture; western blottings

Hearing loss in the elderly, presbycusis, is the number one communicative disorder of the elderly. Classically, loss of sensory cells (hair cells) in the basal (high pitch) portion of the cochlear (inner ear of the peripheral auditory system) has contributed to presbycusis. Other more recent evidence points to age-related changes in the brain itself (central auditory system) as a cause of presbycusis. These two factors result in the two main perceptual difficulties: a high-pitch loss in sensitivity and a difficulty of understanding speech in background noise. During the previous funding period, significant age-related changes were observed in animals with age-related auditory temporal pathways, electron microscopy of midbrain synapses, cochlear inner and outer hair cell degeneration, and others. In the upcoming grant period, techniques of cellular neuroimaging will be applied in slice preparations of young and old animals to determine calcium regulatory changes with age in brain regions we previously demonstrated had age-related temporal processing deficits, as well as determining if manipulation of intracellular calcium concentration levels and stores will affect the processing of auditory temporal information. Close ties will exist with the Animal Behavior Project (acoustic startle response- Project 2), the Single-unit Physiology Project (midbrain, cochlear nucleus- Project 3), and the Human and Animal Evoked Potential Project (animal Wave I and IV- Project 5). These neurophysiological and behavioral projects will evaluate any age-related improvements in temporal processing in old CBA mice that may occur due to loading the inferior colliculus (IC) of young, adult mice with increased calcium regulators in the present project. In addition, HRP immunohistochemistry will continue to be performed in conjunction with the single-unit neurophysiological mapping experiments of Project 3. Specifically, inputs to the ventrolateral division of the central nucleus of IC will be compared to the decline inputs to dorsomedial IC that we have already discovered with age. Descending inputs to the central cochlear nucleus from higher centers of the brain will be examined to see if any age-related changes in connectivity occur. The results of these studies will be utilized to prepared for medical/surgical/technological interventions to increase the quality of life in our elderly population, especially in regard to sensory perception and brain functioning.

老年人听力损失、老年性耳聋，是第一大交际障碍 老年人的病症。传统上，感觉细胞（毛细胞）的损失 在耳蜗（内耳）的基底（高音）部分 周围听觉系统）导致老年性耳聋。其他更多 最近的证据表明大脑本身（中枢）发生了与年龄相关的变化 听觉系统）作为老年性耳聋的一个原因。这两个因素导致 两个主要的感知困难：高音灵敏度的损失和 在背景噪音中理解语音有困难。期间 在上一个资助期间，观察到与年龄相关的重大变化 具有与年龄相关的听觉颞叶通路的动物，电子显微镜 中脑突触、耳蜗内毛细胞和外毛细胞变性，以及 其他的。在即将到来的资助期内，细胞神经成像技术 将应用于年轻和年老动物的切片制剂中 确定大脑区域钙调节随年龄的变化 先前证明存在与年龄相关的时间处理缺陷，如 以及确定是否操纵细胞内钙浓度 水平和存储会影响听觉时间的处理 信息。将与动物行为项目保持密切联系 （声学惊吓反应 - 项目 2），单单元生理学项目 （中脑、耳蜗核 - 项目 3）以及人类和动物诱发 潜在项目（动物第一波和第四波 - 项目 5）。这些 神经生理学和行为项目将评估任何与年龄相关的 老 CBA 小鼠时间处理能力的改善可能是由于 年轻和成年小鼠的下丘（IC）负荷增加 本项目中的钙调节剂。此外，辣根过氧化物酶 免疫组织化学将继续与 项目3的单单元神经生理图谱实验。 具体来说，输入到中央核的腹外侧部分 IC 的输入将与我们预测的背内侧 IC 的下降输入进行比较 随着年龄的增长已经发现了。向中央的输入递减 将检查来自大脑高级中心的耳蜗核 如果连接发生任何与年龄相关的变化。这些结果 研究将用于为医疗/外科/技术做好准备 提高老年人口生活质量的干预措施， 尤其是在感官知觉和大脑功能方面。