NEURAL BASIS OF MOTIVATED BEHAVIORS

动机行为的神经基础

• 批准号: 6538670
• 负责人: KLAUDIUSZ ROBERT WEISS
• 金额: $ 37.11万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-30 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6538670
• 关键词: Aplysia; acetylcholine; action potentials; alternatives to animals in research; behavioral /social science research tag; eating; electrodes; electrophysiology; electrostimulus; ethology; high performance liquid chromatography; high voltage electrophoresis; immunocytochemistry; motivation; motor neurons; neuroanatomy; neuromuscular function; neuromuscular junction; neuromuscular transmission; neurotransmitter metabolism; neurotransmitter transport; sensory feedback

Although it is well established that a single neural network can generate several related but distinct behaviors, we still do not understand the mechanisms that allow the nervous system to generate multiple behaviors in response to different stimuli. The long range goal of the research presented in this proposal is to understand the neural mechanisms that assure the selection of the appropriate neural output according to the behavioral demands imposed on the organism. We propose to use the well characterized feeding behaviors and its neural substrates in Aplysia in order to extract the principles which relate sensory inputs to the selection and initiation of complex behaviors. We propose to test a hypothesis that this selection can be explained in terms of a combinatorial action of modulatory cotransmitters released from specialized pattern initiating neurons (CBIs) that function as sensory interneurons that funnel sensory information to the pattern generating circuitry. The proposed projects include: 1) identification of specific inputs to the pattern initiating neurons and determination of behaviors in which these cells are active; 2) Characterization of the contribution that these neurons make to specific behaviors; 3) Identification of transmitters and modulators released from these cells; 4) determination of the biophysical and cellular mechanisms of action of the modulators. The research will use an integrative inter- disciplinary approach in which simplified preparations consisting of isolated portions of the nervous system are used in conjunctions with semi-intact preparations that can generate complex behaviors that occur in intact animals. This approach provides assurance of the behavioral relevance of the cellular mechanisms that will be uncovered using a combination of electrophysiological, biophysical, biochemical and molecular techniques. The general importance of this type of research is likely to extend beyond the field of the selection of motor behavior, as combinatorial actions of multiple cotransmitters may be responsible for such phenomena as behavioral arousal and selective attention.

尽管已经确定一个神经网络可以 产生几种相关但不同的行为，我们仍然没有 了解允许神经系统产生的机制 多种行为响应不同的刺激。远程目标 该提议中提出的研究是了解神经 确保选择适当神经输出的机制 根据对生物体施加的行为要求。 我们建议 使用良好特征的喂养行为及其神经 Aplysia中的底物，以提取相关的原理 对复杂行为的选择和启动的感觉输入。 我们建议检验一个假设，即可以在 释放的调制共晶剂组合作用的术语 从专门的模式启动神经元（CBI）起作用 感官中间神经元将感官信息融入模式 生成电路。 拟议的项目包括：1）身份证明 启动神经元和确定的模式的特定输入 这些细胞活跃的行为； 2）表征 这些神经元对特定行为做出的贡献； 3） 从这些细胞释放的发射机和调节剂的鉴定； 4）确定作用的生物物理和细胞机制 调节器。 该研究将使用综合性 纪律方法，其中简化的制剂包括 神经系统的孤立部分与 可以产生复杂行为的半独立制剂 在完整的动物中。 这种方法提供了行为的保证 使用A将发现的细胞机制的相关性 电生理，生物物理，生化和 分子技术。 这种研究的一般重要性可能会扩展 超越选择运动行为的领域，作为组合 多个共透明发光器的作用可能是造成这种现象的原因 作为行为唤醒和选择性的关注。