Neural Basis of Motivated Behaviors

动机行为的神经基础

• 批准号: 7123358
• 负责人: KLAUDIUSZ ROBERT WEISS
• 金额: $ 37.24万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-30 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7123358
• 关键词: Aplysia; alternatives to animals in research; behavioral /social science research tag; biological signal transduction; brain regulatory center; eating; electrophysiology; ethology; excretion; experience; high performance liquid chromatography; high voltage electrophoresis; immunocytochemistry; interneurons; memory; motivation; motor neurons; neural plasticity; neural transmission; neuromuscular function; neuromuscular junction; neuromuscular transmission; neurotransmitter metabolism; neurotransmitter transport; oral behavior; swallowing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Virtually every neural circuit that generates complex behaviors is a multitasking network: it generates not one but multiple behaviors. The fundamental question that we are addressing in this proposal is what endows a single network (central pattern generator; CPG) with this ability to generate multiple behaviors and to switch between them. We propose to study this problem in the context of three forms of feeding behavior, biting, swallowing, and egestion, in the model system Aplysia. Each of these behaviors is initiated by distinct higher-order neurons that contain different complements of neuropeptides. Using a combination of electrophysiological, biochemical, and molecular techniques we propose to test a series of hypotheses. First, we will test the hypothesis that each of the higher-order neurons elicits a distinct behavior by activating individual interneurons from the same network to a different degree. It follows that the individual interneurons, which form the CPG, must differ from each other in the functional roles they fulfill. We propose a scheme to analyze the role that individual interneurons play in generating different behaviors. We propose to test the hypothesis that differences in these roles stem from the neurons' use of different small-molecule transmitters that exert both fast and slow actions. Finally, we propose to test the hypothesis that a combination of interneuronal firing patterns, plasticity of their synaptic connections, and characteristics of the transmitters they utilize serves to counteract the maladaptive aspects that memory of previous behavior may exert when a new behavior needs to be elicited. Maladaptively persistent forms of memory of previous experiences may underlie such serious behavioral pathologies as the compulsive-obsessive disorders and depression.

描述（由申请人提供）：几乎每个生成复杂行为的神经电路都是多任务网络：它不是生成一个而是多种行为。我们在此提案中要解决的基本问题是赋予单个网络（中央模式生成器； CPG）具有这种能力生成多种行为并在它们之间切换的能力。我们建议在模型系统中的三种形式的喂养行为，咬人，吞咽和e Genestion的背景下研究这个问题。这些行为中的每一个都是由包含不同补体神经肽补体的不同高阶神经元引发的。使用电生理，生化和分子技术的组合，我们建议测试一系列假设。首先，我们将测试以下假设：每个高阶神经元通过将单个神经元从同一网络激活到不同程度的单个神经元引起独特的行为。因此，形成CPG的单个中间神经元必须在其履行的功能角色方面彼此不同。我们提出了一个方案，以分析单个中间神经元在产生不同行为方面的作用。我们建议检验以下假设：这些角色的差异源于神经元使用不同的小分子发射器，这些发射器既快速又缓慢。最后，我们建议检验以下假设：它们使用的传播连接的可塑性以及它们使用的发射器的特征的结合，它们可以抵消适应性的不良方面，即当需要提出新行为时，对先前行为的记忆可能会发挥作用。 。以前经历的不良持久性记忆形式可能是强迫性痴迷和抑郁等严重的行为病变的基础。

项目成果

Convergent mechanisms mediate preparatory states and repetition priming in the feeding network of Aplysia.

趋同机制介导海兔进食网络中的准备状态和重复启动。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.23-10-04029.2003
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Proekt,Alex;Weiss,KlaudiuszR
• 通讯作者: Weiss,KlaudiuszR

A cerebral central pattern generator in Aplysia and its connections with buccal feeding circuitry.

海兔的大脑中枢模式发生器及其与口腔喂养电路的连接。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.16-21-07030.1996
• 发表时间: 1996
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Perrins,R;Weiss,KR
• 通讯作者: Weiss,KR

Ganglionic distribution of inputs and outputs of C-PR, a neuron involved in the generation of a food-induced arousal state in Aplysia.

C-PR 输入和输出的神经节分布，C-PR 是海兔中参与食物诱导唤醒状态生成的神经元。

• DOI: 10.1007/bf02211936
• 发表时间: 1997
• 期刊: Invertebrate neuroscience : IN
• 作者: Teyke,T;Xin,Y;Weiss,KR;Kupfermann,I
• 通讯作者: Kupfermann,I

Diverse synaptic connections between peptidergic radula mechanoafferent neurons and neurons in the feeding system of Aplysia.

海兔进食系统中肽能齿舌机械传入神经元和神经元之间的多种突触连接。

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1605
• 发表时间: 2000
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology.
• 作者: Rosen,SC;Miller,MW;Evans,CG;Cropper,EC;Kupfermann,I
• 通讯作者: Kupfermann,I

Concerted GABAergic actions of Aplysia feeding interneurons in motor program specification.

海兔在运动程序规范中喂养中间神经元的协同 GABA 作用。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.23-12-05283.2003
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Jing,Jian;Vilim,FerdinandS;Wu,Jin-Sheng;Park,Ji-Ho;Weiss,KlaudiuszR
• 通讯作者: Weiss,KlaudiuszR