Cardiovascular Chemoreflex-Baroreflex Interaction

心血管化学反射-压力反射相互作用

• 批准号: 6621095
• 负责人: John R. Halliwill
• 金额: $ 13.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6621095
• 关键词: autonomic nervous system; baroreceptors; baroreflex; blood pressure; cardiovascular function; chemoreceptors; heart rate; human subject; hyperpnea; hypocapnia; hypoxia; neuroregulation; nitroferricyanide; phenylephrine

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary focus of my research program is to understand how the autonomic nervous system regulates the human cardiovascular system. The overall goal of this grant application is to enhance understanding of how the peripheral and central chemoreflexes modify arterial baroreflex function in humans, focusing on muscle sympathetic nerve activity and heart rate. Chemoreflexes and baroreflexes play a major role in control of the cardiovascular system via the profound influences they exert on autonomic outflow. However, the interaction of these powerful reflex systems is not completely understood in humans. In this Context, the specific aims for this grant application are designed to address the following questions: 1) Does isocapnic hyperpnea alter arterial baroreflex function in humans? 2a) Does isocapnic hypoxia alter arterial baroreflex function in humans? 2b) Does the selective peripheral chemoreceptor stimulant almitrine mimic the effects of hypoxia on arterial baroreflex function in humans? 3) Does hyperoxic hypocapnia alter arterial baroreflex function in humans? Throughout this application, we exploit state-of-the-art methods and propose highly controlled studies in conscious human volunteers, probing questions raised by animal studies in this area. These studies will advance our understanding of basic cardiovascular regulation in humans and how it is modified by changes in chemoreflex stimulation. Further, these studies will provide a foundation of basic understanding that will be necessary to explain related pathophysiologies such as heart failure, COPD, and sleep apnea. By addressing these aims, we will extend insights that are now only available in animals to a poorly understood area of cardiovascular regulation in humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：我的研究计划的主要重点 就是了解自主神经系统如何调节人体 心血管系统。本次赠款申请的总体目标是增强 了解外周和中枢化学反射如何改变动脉 人类压力感受反射功能，重点关注肌肉交感神经活动 和心率。化学反射和压力反射在控制中起重要作用 通过对自主神经的深远影响来影响心血管系统 外流。然而，这些强大的反射系统的相互作用并不 人类完全理解。在此背景下，本次活动的具体目标 拨款申请旨在解决以下问题：1） 等二氧化碳过度呼吸会改变人类动脉压力感受反射功能吗？ 2a) 是否 等二氧化碳缺氧会改变人类动脉压力反射功能吗？ 2b) 是否 选择性外周化学感受器兴奋剂阿米曲林模仿的效果 缺氧对人体动脉压力反射功能有何影响？ 3）高氧性低碳酸血症吗 改变人类动脉压力反射功能？在整个申请过程中，我们 利用最先进的方法并提出高度受控的研究 有意识的人类志愿者，探索动物研究提出的问题 区域。这些研究将增进我们对基本心血管疾病的理解 人类的调节以及化学反射的变化如何改变它 刺激。此外，这些研究将为基础研究奠定基础。 了解这对于解释相关的病理生理学是必要的，例如 如心力衰竭、慢性阻塞性肺病和睡眠呼吸暂停。通过实现这些目标，我们将 将目前只能在动物身上获得的见解扩展到人们知之甚少的领域 人类心血管调节领域。