MOLECULAR EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF HAWAIIAN DROSOPHILA CHORION

夏威夷果蝇绒毛膜的分子进化遗传学

• 批准号: 6107145
• 负责人: J C MARTINEZ-CRUZADO
• 金额: $ 5.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MAYAGUEZ
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6107145
• 关键词: Drosophilidae; Hawaii; animal population genetics; biochemical evolution; chorioallantoic membrane; complementary DNA; developmental genetics; field study; gene expression; genetic polymorphism; genetic regulation; genetic regulatory element; genetic transcription; in situ hybridization; molecular cloning; molecular genetics; nucleic acid sequence; polymerase chain reaction; population genetics; species difference; transposon /insertion element

This is a continuing program of research whose goal is to address some of the theories on the evolution and rapid Drosophila speciation events that have occurred in Hawaii. It has been postulated that the numerous speciation events in Hawaiian Drosophila are mostly a result of repetitive founder events combined with the repetitive radiation events towards forms adapted to a plethora of empty ecological niches in each emerging volcanic island. We aim to test if the beta lineages of the planitibia subgroup of the picture-wingeds have gone through several founder events as opposed to the alpha sub-lineage by comparing the DNA divergence rates of the lineages, the shape of the curves generated by the distributions of pairwise differences within populations, their variances, the ratio of the level of polymorphisms over divergence for each population, and the strength of their codon biases. In addition, the levels of polymorphisms shared between founder species and their closest ancestors will be estimated. The level of polymorphisms shared between presumable incipient species within an island will be compared to that of sibling species that are believed to have speciated by the same process. We are collecting the necessary data by the PCR-mediated amplification of DNA fragments extracted from wild-caught flies that correspond to two chorion genes with rapid divergence rates and apparent neutral evolution. The neutral model of molecular evolution will be tested for these fragments.

这是一个持续的研究计划，其目标是解决夏威夷发生的进化和快速果蝇物种形成事件的一些理论。据推测，夏威夷果蝇的众多物种形成事件主要是重复的创始人事件与重复的辐射事件相结合的结果，这些事件适应了每个新兴火山岛上大量空的生态位的形式。我们的目的是通过比较谱系的 DNA 分歧率、分布生成的曲线形状，来测试图翅鸟的 planitibia 亚群的 β 谱系是否经历了几次创始人事件，而不是 α 亚谱系。群体内的成对差异、它们的方差、每个群体的多态性水平与分歧的比率，以及它们的密码子偏差的强度。此外，还将估计创始物种与其最近祖先之间共享的多态性水平。岛上可能的早期物种之间共享的多态性水平将与被认为通过相同过程形成物种的兄弟物种的多态性水平进行比较。我们正在通过 PCR 介导的扩增从野生捕获的苍蝇中提取的 DNA 片段来收集必要的数据，这些片段对应于两个具有快速分化率和明显中性进化的绒毛膜基因。分子进化的中性模型将针对这些片段进行测试。