MECHANISMS OF ANTI HYPERACTIVITY MEDICATIONS

抗多动药物的机制

• 批准号: 6453808
• 负责人: Bertha K Madras
• 金额: $ 11.11万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2002-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6453808
• 关键词: Mammalia; animal tissue; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biotechnology; cognition; genome; growth /development; human tissue; lasers; mental disorders; microscopy; nervous system; nucleic acids; pharmacology; proteins; psychology; substance abuse related disorder

The use of stimulant medications for attention deficit hyperactivity, which is diagnosed in 2 - 6% of children in North America, has almost tripled since 1990 The increased usage presumably stems from wider recognition of this disorder, as well as the expanding knowledge that such stimulant medication continues to be effective over years, well into adulthood, without known production of adverse side effects There is yet no consensus on the mechanisms of the commonly used anti-hyperactivity medications, amphetamine and methylphenidate Both drugs promote psychomotor slowing of hyperactive children and adults, yet both raise extracellular dopamine levels Paradoxically, elevation of dopamine enhances motor activity, and forms the basis of medications for Parkinson's disease This apparent paradox is the focus of the pilot study The objective of the research is to investigate a novel hypothesis, that a the normal pulsatile supply of dopamine, with a broad range of c oncen trations, results in a different pattern of receptor availability and trafficking than a constant and high supply of the neurotransmitter, which may result with anti-hyperactivity medications To pursue this research, we are cloning the monkey D1 and D2 dopamine receptors and will investigate this hypothesis with the receptor expressed in vitro and in vivo with imaging PUBLICATION Seeman P and Madras BK Anti-hyperactivity medication methylphenidate and amphetamine Mol Psychiatry 3 386-396, 1998

使用刺激药物用于注意力不足 多动症，在北方2-6％的儿童中被诊断出来 自1990年以来，美国几乎增加了两倍 源于对这种疾病的广泛认识，以及 扩大了这种兴奋剂继续存在的知识 多年以来，直到成年，没有已知的生产 不利的副作用尚未就机制达成共识 常用的抗疾病药物，苯丙胺和 哌醋甲酯两种药物都会促进高活跃的精神运动减慢 儿童和成人，但都提高了细胞外多巴胺水平 矛盾的是，多巴胺的升高会增强运动活性，并且 构成了帕金森氏病的药物的基础 悖论是试点研究的重点 是为了研究一种新的假设，即正常的脉动 多巴胺的供应范围广泛，导致 与一个受体可用性和贩运模式不同的模式 神经递质的恒定和高供应，这可能会导致 通过抗疾病药物来从事这项研究，我们是 克隆猴子D1和D2多巴胺受体，并将调查 该假设的受体在体外和体内表达 成像出版物Seeman P和Madras BK抗疾病 药物哌醋甲酯和苯丙胺摩尔精神病学3 386-396， 1998