DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE: FMRI STUDIES

语言能力的发展：FMRI 研究

• 批准号: 6540394
• 负责人: STEVEN E. PETERSEN
• 金额: $ 19.25万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-15 至 2004-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6540394
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; data collection methodology /evaluation; embryo /fetus disorder; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; language development; medical complication; middle childhood (6-11); neural plasticity; neuroimaging; neuropsychological tests; phonology; preschool child (1-5); psycholinguistics; semantics; speech; statistics /biometry; stroke

Many children who have had strokes in the perinatal period develop normal or near-normal linguistic abilities. Consequently, these children should serve as an excellent model system for studying developmental plasticity using functional MRI (fMRI). This exploratory project is designed to develop a substrate for an extensive and long-term fMRI-based investigation of children with perinatal stroke. The following specific aims are proposed: Aim 1: To explore the feasibility and validity of using current fMRI methodologies in normal children. Methods for the characterization of brain activity have been developed over several years for use in normal and abnormal adult populations. Whereas some of these methods might be straightforwardly applied to children, others are less obviously generalizable. Studies in Aim1 will assess and develop methodologies for fMRI studies in normal children and children with perinatal stroke. Aim 2: To begin studies, in normal children, of behavioral profiles and associated brain activation patterns using previously characterized language tasks. Tasks and fMRI protocols, similar to those previously employed in adult studies of the processing of single words, will be tested and modified. Initially, children ages 7-10 will be studied. These experiments will also be extended to a small group of children ages 3-6 to identify problems specifically associated with studying this younger age group. Aim 3: To explore the feasibility of using language tasks developed in Aim 2 for the study o f the relationship of perinatal lesion to behavioral profiles and patterns of brain activation. Studies successfully implemented in Aim 2 will then be performed on children ages 7-10 who, despite enduring a focal unilateral stroke in the perinatal period, do not manifest significant cognitive or linguistic sequelae. Aim 4: To begin development of new sets of tasks that address aspects of language more broadly. The tasks that have been used in many functional neuroimaging experiments, including ours, have tended to focus on the phonology and semantics of single words. Preliminary studies of single words. Preliminary studies of syntactic processes, including grammatical morphology and syntactic comprehension, will be initiated in normal adults and normal children.

许多在围产期中遇到中风的儿童会发展正常或近乎正常的语言能力。 因此，这些儿童应作为使用功能性MRI（fMRI）研究发展可塑性的出色模型系统。 该探索性项目旨在开发一种基材，以对围产期中风儿童进行广泛的长期基于fMRI的研究。 提出了以下具体目的：目标1：探索使用正常儿童当前fMRI方法的可行性和有效性。 数年来，已经开发出用于正常和异常成人种群的方法来表征脑活动的表征。 尽管其中一些方法可能直接应用于儿童，而另一些方法则不太明显。 AIM1的研究将评估和开发针对正常儿童和围产期中风儿童功能磁共振成像研究的方法。目标2：开始使用先前表征的语言任务开始研究正常儿童的行为概况和相关的大脑激活模式。 将测试和修改任务和功能磁共振成像协议，类似于先前对单个单词处理的成人研究的协议。 最初，将研究7-10岁的儿童。 这些实验还将扩展到一小组3-6岁的儿童，以确定与研究这个年龄段的人群有关的问题。目标3：探索使用目标2中开发的语言任务的可行性，以研究围产期病变与行为特征和大脑激活模式的关系。 然后，在AIM 2中成功实施的研究将对7-10岁的儿童进行，尽管在围产期持续了局灶性单侧中风，但并未表现出明显的认知或语言后遗症。目标4：开始开发新的任务集，以更广泛地解决语言的各个方面。 在包括我们的许多功能神经影像实验中使用的任务倾向于关注单词的语音和语义。 单词的初步研究。 对正常成年人和正常儿童的句法过程的初步研究，包括语法形态和句法理解。