Diversity in Human DNA Sequences

人类 DNA 序列的多样性

• 批准号: 6335754
• 负责人: MARCUS W FELDMAN
• 金额: $ 3.88万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-07 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6335754
• 关键词: Asia; Commonwealth of Independent States; cooperative study; gene mutation; genetic models; genetic polymorphism; human data; human genetic material tag; human migration; human population genetics; mathematical model; model design /development; nucleic acid repetitive sequence; nucleic acid sequence; sex chromosomes

DESCRIPTION Demography of ancient human populations is studied using variation at microsatellite, or short tandem repeat (STR) loci in lineages marked with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Each SNP lineage is stochastically growing or declining in size and dividing into sublineages following population subdivision. Within-lineage STR variation reflects these demographic changes and carries signatures of the ancient events whose time can be estimated. The research falls into three areas. The first will focus on estimators of divergence and expansion time based on the variance, kurtosis and other higher moments of repeat scores at microsatellite loci. Dynamic models will be studied that do not assume mutation-drift equilibrium for microsatellite variation, and will include gene flow and various types of population processes. The second area includes estimation of microsatellite mutation parameters, such as the variance and other statistical moments of mutational changes in repeat score, between-locus variation in mutation rates, mutational bias, etc., that are important for estimating historical events using microsatellite polymorphisms. The analysis will be based on statistical and dynamic models of the mutation distribution and will use available data from studies on microsatellite mutation rate and population data. The third area extends the Parent Program Project to include previously collected samples from Siberia (Burjats, Tuvinians, Yakuts, Evenks, Chukchis, Eskimos) in order to study further the peopling of the New World from Northeast Asia. The application of the estimators from the first two areas to existing and newly obtained data will permit more precise dating of the migrations into North America. It will also augment information at the Stanford DNA database on human worldwide populations. The proposal will further strengthen the productive scientific cooperation between the collaborating U.S. and Russian geneticists that has existed for almost ten years and has produced about 30 peer-reviewed publications while also involving other scientific groups from the United States, Sweden, Denmark and Australia.

描述 使用差异研究了古代人口的人口统计 微卫星或短串联重复（str）基因座，标有标记的谱系 单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。每个SNP谱系都是随机的 人口后的大小成长或下降，分为子宫 细分。内部曲线内变异反映了这些人口统计学变化 并带有可以估算时间的古代事件的签名。这 研究分为三个领域。第一个将重点放在 基于方差，峰度和其他较高的差异和扩展时间 微卫星基因座重复分数的矩。将研究动态模型 对于微卫星变化，不假定突变饮用平衡，并且 将包括基因流量和各种类型的人口过程。第二个 区域包括估计微卫星突变参数，例如 重复分数突变变化的差异和其他统计矩 突变率，突变偏差等的局限性差异是 对于使用微卫星多态性估算历史事件的重要性。 该分析将基于突变的统计和动态模型 分布并将使用有关微卫星研究的可用数据 突变率和人口数据。第三个区域扩展了父级程序 项目包括先前收集的西伯利亚样品（burjats， 为了进一步研究 来自东北亚的新世界人民。应用 从前两个区域到现有和新获得的数据的估计器将 允许更精确的迁移到北美。它也会 在斯坦福DNA数据库中的增强信息在全球范围内 人群。该提案将进一步加强生产性科学 美国和俄罗斯遗传学家之间的合作 存在将近十年，已经生产了大约30个同行评审 出版物，同时还参与了联合的其他科学团体 州，瑞典，丹麦和澳大利亚。