Higher order mechanisms in color discrimination

颜色辨别的高阶机制

• 批准号: 6371139
• 负责人: ALLEN L NAGY
• 金额: $ 13.78万
• 依托单位: WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-05 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6371139
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brightness discrimination; color visions; human subject; neural information processing; performance; psychophysics; sensory mechanism; vision tests; visual perception; visual stimulus; visual tracking

Studies of human color vision suggest that much of the data on detection and discrimination of color stimuli can be explained with only three independent cardinal mechanisms, tuned to different directions in color space, and a summation rule such as probability summation. Recent studies suggest that higher order color mechanisms, tuned to many different directions in color space, may influence detection and discrimination of color stimuli under some conditions. The action of higher order color mechanisms has been revealed most clearly by changes in the adaptive state of the observer. These higher order color mechanisms presumably combine signals from the three cardinal mechanisms which are believed to be formed in the initial stages of the visual system. Two aims of the proposed work are to determine whether cardinal mechanisms function independently in chromatic search tasks and whether higher order color mechanisms, tuned to many different directions in color space, contribute to the detection of a target stimulus in chromatic search tasks. Studies of visual search tasks have suggested that a somewhat different, more flexible, type of higher order mechanism under attentional control may contribute to the detection of a target stimulus among heterogeneous distractor stimuli. Results from these studies suggest that signals in different sensory coding mechanisms may be combined in mechanisms under attentional control to facilitate detection of the target. The sensory signals to be combined can be selected by the observer and may vary from task to task. The third aim of the proposed work is to investigate how signals in different color mechanisms are combined in mechanisms under attentional control to facilitate the detection of a target stimulus among distractor stimuli that are heterogeneous in color.

对人类色觉的研究表明，只能通过三种独立的基本机制来解释有关颜色刺激的检测和区分的许多数据，并调整了颜色空间中的不同方向，以及概率求和等求和规则。 最近的研究表明，在某些条件下，高阶颜色机制调整为颜色空间中许多不同方向，可能会影响颜色刺激的检测和歧视。 通过观察者的适应状态的变化，最清楚地揭示了高阶颜色机制的作用。 这些高阶的颜色机制大概结合了三种基本机制的信号，这些信号被认为是在视觉系统的初始阶段形成的。 拟议工作的两个目的是确定基本机制是否在色彩搜索任务中独立起作用，以及在色彩空间中许多不同方向的高阶颜色机制是否有助于检测到色度搜索任务中的目标刺激。对视觉搜索任务的研究表明，注意力控制下的一种有些不同，更灵活的高阶机制类型可能有助于检测异质分散分心器刺激中的目标刺激。 这些研究的结果表明，不同感觉编码机制中的信号可以与注意力控制下的机制合并以促进目标检测。 观察者可以选择要组合的感官信号，并且可能因任务而异。 拟议工作的第三个目的是研究在注意力控制下的机制中如何合并具有不同颜色机制的信号，以促进在颜色异质的干扰物刺激中检测目标刺激。