Correlation Among Retinal Directionally Selective Cells

视网膜定向选择性细胞之间的相关性

• 批准号: 6383211
• 负责人: NORBERTO M GRZYWACZ
• 金额: $ 40.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6383211
• 关键词: Chelonia; GABA receptor; acetylcholine; amacrine cells; behavioral /social science research tag; calcium indicator; dendrites; electrophysiology; eye movements; fluorescence microscopy; gap junctions; glutamates; high performance liquid chromatography; laboratory rabbit; liquid chromatography; motion perception; neural information processing; neural inhibition; picrotoxin; retinal ganglion; space perception; tissue /cell culture; visual fields; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (From the Applicant's Abstract): A central problem in visual neuroscience is the binding problem. How does the brain know that it has to bind the responses of neurons with small visual windows to obtain coherent pictures of large objects? One long-term goal of the proposed research is to elucidate the retinal mechanisms underlying visual binding. Three hypotheses for these mechanisms involve gap junctions between ganglion cells, and common cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic synapses. Four specific aims will test these hypotheses in directionally selective ganglion cells of turtles and rabbits, since evidence of long-contour binding exists for these cells: 1)This aim will test whether millisecond correlation could code long, moving contours by recording simultaneously from neighbor directionally sensitive cells with electrophysiological techniques. 2)The experiments here will use simultaneous electrophysiological recordings and pharmacology to test the GABA, acetylcholine, glutamate, and gap-junction hypotheses of retinal correlation. 3)Specific aim 3 will study whether long-range correlation takes place by mapping the population of directionally selective cells with live Ca2+fluorescence. 4)Finally, the last aim will test a prediction of the cholinergic hypothesis for correlation by measuring acetylcholine release following motion adaptation with high performance liquid chromatography. The study of binding may have important health relevance. Schizophrenia patients, for instance, cannot detect contours in tasks relying on long-range spatial interactions of orientational signals. And the integration of orientation information across space is impaired in amblyopia. Retinal binding defects may contribute to some of these integrative problems, but even if not, retinal strategies and mechanisms may shed light on mechanisms in other areas of the brain.

描述（摘自申请人的摘要）： 视觉神经科学中的一个核心问题是结合问题。如何 大脑知道它必须用小视觉绑定神经元的反应 窗户获取大物体的连贯图片？一个长期目标 拟议的研究是阐明视觉视觉的视网膜机制 结合。这些机制的三个假设涉及之间的间隙连接 神经节细胞以及常见的胆碱能，谷氨酸能和GABA能突触。 四个具体目标将在定向选择性中检验这些假设 乌龟和兔子的神经节细胞，因为长期结合的证据 这些细胞存在： 1）此目标将测试毫秒相关性是否可以编码很长，移动 通过同时记录邻居方向敏感的轮廓 具有电生理技术的细胞。 2）这里的实验将同时使用电生理记录 和测试GABA，乙酰胆碱，谷氨酸和间隙 - 结的药理学 视网膜相关性的假设。 3）特定目标3将研究是否通过 用活机绘制定向选择性细胞的种群 Ca2+荧光。 4）最后，最后一个目标将检验胆碱能假设的预测 通过测量运动适应后测量乙酰胆碱释放的相关性 高性能液相色谱。 绑定的研究可能具有重要的健康相关性。精神分裂症 例如，患者无法检测到依赖远程的任务中的轮廓 定向信号的空间相互作用。和整合 在弱视中，跨空间跨空间的方向信息受到损害。视网膜结合 缺陷可能会导致其中一些综合问题，但即使没有， 视网膜策略和机制可能会阐明其他领域的机制 大脑。