NEURONAL BASIS OF MOTOR LEARNING AND MEMORY IN BRAINSTEM AND CEREBELLAR CIRCUITS

脑干和小脑回路中运动学习和记忆的神经元基础

• 批准号: 6302722
• 负责人: ROBERT BAKER
• 金额: $ 31.1万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-12-01 至 2000-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6302722
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; biocytin; brain stem; calcium channel; cerebellar Purkinje cell; cerebellum; experimental brain lesion; eye movements; fluorescent dye /probe; gamma aminobutyrate; glutamates; goldfish; learning; long term potentiation; memory; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; oculomotor nuclei; psychomotor function; sodium channel; vestibular nuclei; vestibuloocular reflex; voltage /patch clamp; zebrafish

The goal of this proposal is to delineate the brain stem and cerebellar circuits that produce horizontal eye movement and to determine the synaptic sites and mechanisms responsible for motor adaptation. Intra- and extracellular single cell recording combined with neuronal marking techniques have characterized most of the circuits responsible for producing vestibulo- and visuo-ocular reflexes. The actual elements of the neuronal circuits involved and the pharmacological properties of the various synaptic links are now well enough understood to propose models that specify the brain stem sites for adaptive plasticity and the roles of vestibulo-cerebellar Purkinje cells. These models provide the basis for four experimental aims. First, the afferent and efferent organization of eye movement related vestibular and prepositus neurons will be studied with the intra- and extracellular application of biocytin and fluorescent probes. The goal is to specify the morphological architecture necessary for all signal transformations. Second, vestibular and prepositus neuronal activity will be recorded during visuo-/vestibulo-motor adaptation to directly assess the causality of signal processing and specify cellular sites of plasticity. Third, the membrane properties and conductances of vestibular and prepositus neurons will be characterized to determine their roles in integration and motor adaptation. An in vivo pharmacological model will be implemented to examine motor plasticity. Fourth, the role of, and interaction between, the prepositus and inferior olivary mossy/climbing fiber cerebellar circuits will be studied by using electrical, chemical and surgical techniques. The overall objective of this project is to specify the neuronal circuitry both necessary and sufficient for visual and vestibular oculomotor performance, learning and memory. These studies address in cellular and pharmacological terms the inductive mechanisms employed in the acquisition and translation of sensory signals into adaptive motor behavior. The neurophysiological findings should be of significance for achieving a theoretical framework of motor co-ordination in other vertebrates while providing an accessible detailed neuronal organization in teleosts for future genetic and molecular studies of movement control.

该提议的目的是描绘脑干和小脑 产生水平眼动并确定的电路 负责运动适应的突触部位和机制。 内 和细胞外单细胞记录与神经元标记结合 技术表征了负责的大多数电路 产生前庭和视觉 - 眼反射。 实际要素 涉及的神经元电路和药理学特性 现在已经充分理解了各种突触链接以提出模型 指定了自适应可塑性和角色的脑干位点 前庭宾夕法尼亚州宾夕法尼亚细胞。 这些模型为 四个实验目标。 首先，的传入和传出组织 将研究与眼动相关的前庭和前神经元 伴有生物细胞和荧光细胞内和细胞外应用 探针。 目标是指定必要的形态结构 对于所有信号转换。 第二，前庭和前卵形 神经元活动将记录在视觉/前庭运动中 适应以直接评估信号处理的因果关系 指定可塑性的细胞部位。 第三，膜特性和 前庭和前神经元的电导率将被描述为 确定它们在整合和运动适应中的作用。 一个体内 将实施药理模型以检查运动可塑性。 第四，前卵形和下等方面的作用和相互作用 橄榄苔藓/攀岩纤维小脑电路将通过使用 电气，化学和手术技术。 总体目标 该项目是指定必要的神经元电路 足以足够视觉和前庭眼球运动，学习和 记忆。 这些研究用细胞和药理术语解决 采用和翻译中采用的归纳机制 感觉信号成为自适应运动行为。 神经生理学 发现对于实现理论框架应该具有重要意义 在提供可访问的同时，其他脊椎动物的运动协调 在未来遗传和 运动控制的分子研究。