OVARIAN FOLLICULAR ACTIVATION AND GROWTH IN VITRO

体外卵巢卵泡激活和生长

• 批准号: 6403300
• 负责人: ROBERT A CUSHMAN
• 金额: $ 4.02万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6403300
• 关键词: SCID mouse; animal tissue; biological models; cell differentiation; cell growth regulation; cell transplantation; chickens; chorioallantoic membrane; cow; early embryonic stage; embryo /fetus cell /tissue; graafian follicles; hormone regulation /control mechanism; in situ hybridization; somatotropin; statistics /biometry; tissue /cell culture; transforming growth factors

The mammalian ovary contains a large reservoir of non-growing primordial follicles. Very little is understood about the mechanisms governing activation of these follicles into the pool of growing follicles and growth of early preantral follicles. We have developed a culture system that supports activation of primordial follicles in organ cultures of bovine and baboon ovarian cortex; however, very few of these follicles grow to the secondary stage even after 20 days in culture. We have also developed a method for grafting cortical pieces beneath the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 6-day-old chick embryos. The CAM grafts are quickly vascularized and spontaneous activation is inhibited. These two unique experimental models provide exciting opportunities to investigate the mechanisms that control activation of primordial follicles and preantral follicle growth. Therefore, I propose to further characterize ovarian cortical culture and CAM grafts as models for studying follicular activation and early growth (Specific Aim #1). I will also use these two exciting experimental models to determine whether kit ligand stimulates activation of primordial follicles (Specific Aim #2), and to examine the roles of growth hormone and growth differentiation factor-9 in growth of early preantral follicles (Specific Aim #3). The ultimate goals of this research are to elucidate fundamental mechanisms that may lead to new contraceptive technologies, new methods for alleviating infertility, and a better understanding of mechanisms of follicle depletion (menopause).

哺乳动物卵巢包含大量非生长原始卵泡的水库。关于这些卵泡激活进入卵泡池的机制和早期尿布早期卵泡的生长，几乎没有什么理解的。我们开发了一种培养系统，该系统支持牛和狒狒卵巢皮质器官培养物中原始卵泡的激活。但是，即使经过20天的培养，这些卵泡中的很少也会生长到次要阶段。我们还开发了一种在6天大的小鸡胚胎的绒毛膜膜（CAM）下植入皮质碎片的方法。凸轮移植很快是血管化的，并抑制了自发激活。这两个独特的实验模型为研究原始卵泡激活和卵泡生长的激活的机制提供了令人兴奋的机会。因此，我建议进一步将卵巢皮质培养物和凸轮移植物作为研究卵泡激活和早期生长的模型（特定目的＃1）。我还将使用这两个激动人心的实验模型来确定试剂配体是否刺激原始卵泡的激活（特定的目标＃2），并检查生长激素和生长分化因子-9在早期尿布早期卵泡生长中的作用（特定目标＃3）。这项研究的最终目标是阐明可能导致新的避孕技术，减轻不育的新方法以及对卵泡耗竭机制（更年期）的更好理解。