Lancaster University Observational Astrophysics 2018-2021

兰卡斯特大学观测天体物理学 2018-2021

基本信息

批准号：
ST/R000514/1
负责人：
Isobel Mary Hook
金额：
$ 29.48万
依托单位：
Lancaster University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FR000514%2F1
关键词：
Lancaster University Observational Astrophysics 2018

项目摘要

The work proposed here tackles some of the most important open questions in astrophysics, broadly centred on understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies and the properties of the Universe itself. It is closely linked with the STFC Science Roadmap challenges pertaining to the roles and nature of dark matter and dark energy, the formation of the first stars and galaxies in the Universe and the still unsolved key question of how galaxies evolve. In order to address such fundamental questions, we use complementary approaches involving observation and modeling of the most distant and relatively nearby systems. We will shed light on the properties of nearby, faint dwarf galaxies by searching for traces of gas absorption in background quasar spectra. Looking further back in cosmic time, we will uncover the properties of thousands of "cosmic noon" galaxies, also along the lines-of-sight to distant QSOs, in order to explain the link between their star formation and the gas that fuels it. We will obtain a new sample of very distant galaxies using unique wide-area surveys, which provide the bright targets needed for detailed study of their physical properties. Finally, we will use Type Ia supernovae to study the evolution of the universe itself, making fundamental tests of the constancy of dark energy in time, and preparing for tests of spatial variation.Our research involves making state-of-the-art observations using the world's most powerful and advanced telescopes such as the Hubble Space Telescope and facilities run by the European Southern Observatory including ALMA (the Atacama Large Millimeter Array) and the VLT (Very Large Telescope). At the same time the group is involved in the scientific planning for several new telescopes and instruments that will come online in the next 10 years and that will revolutionise research in astrophysics. These include the 4-m Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) and in space the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the European Space Agency's Euclid mission.

这里提出的工作解决了天体物理学中一些最重要的开放问题，广泛地集中在理解星系的形成和演化以及宇宙本身的特性。它与STFC科学路线图紧密相关，与暗物质和暗能量的角色和性质有关，宇宙中的第一批恒星和星系的形成以及星系如何发展的仍然没有解决的关键问题。为了解决此类基本问题，我们使用涉及对最遥远和相对较附近系统的观察和建模的补充方法。我们将通过寻找背景类星体光谱中的气体吸收痕迹来阐明附近的淡矮星系的特性。回顾宇宙时代，我们将发现数千个“宇宙中午”星系的特性，也是沿遥远QSO的视线，以解释其恒星形成与燃料的气体之间的联系。我们将使用独特的宽面积调查获得一个非常遥远的星系的新样本，该样本提供了详细研究其物理特性所需的明亮目标。最后，我们将使用IA型超新星来研究宇宙本身的演变，对及时的黑暗能源的恒定进行基本测试，并准备空间变化的测试。您的研究涉及使用世界上最强大，最先进的望远镜（包括诸如Hubble Space the and the Ely Southerm and and and the Eteram and the Elay comportity）进行的先进观察，包括包括Hubble Shoulter the Elay theerm ander ander the Eroce（包括欧洲的跨越）（包括欧洲的跨越型号）（ VLT（非常大的望远镜）。同时，该小组参与了几种新望远镜和工具的科学规划，这些望远镜和工具将在未来10年内上线，这将彻底改变天体物理学的研究。其中包括4-M多对象光谱望远镜（4个），大型的天气调查望远镜（LSST），欧洲极大的望远镜（E-ELT）以及James Webb太空望远镜（JWST）和欧洲空间代理机构的Euclid Mission。