(PARA)LINGUISTIC FACTORS AFFECTING CHILDHOOD STUTTERING

（副）影响儿童口吃的语言因素

• 批准号: 6379449
• 负责人: J. Scott Yaruss
• 金额: $ 21.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-05-01 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6379449
• 关键词: child (0-11); clinical research; human subject; paralinguistic behavior; sound frequency; speech; speech disorders; stuttering

This research will evaluate several widely held but largely untested assumptions underlying current theory and clinical practice in childhood stuttering. These assumptions are based on the notion that children's production of various types of speech disruptions (speech errors, normal disfluencies, and stuttered disfluencies) are influenced by certain characteristics of their speech, such as the length and complexity of their utterances (linguistic characteristics), and their speaking rate and response latency (paralinguistic characteristics). The research design includes five studies that will systematically evaluate the relationship between children's speech characteristics and their production of speech errors, normal disfluencies, and stuttered disfluencies by measuring change in children's fluency while experimentally manipulating: (a) children's utterance length and syntactic complexity (Study l), (b) children's speaking rate and response latency (Study 2), and (c) children's conversational partner's speech characteristics (Study 3). in addition to examining factors that affect children's fluency, this research will evaluate explanations for the underlying cause of speech disfluencies proposed in recent theories and attempt to objectively differentiate between disfluencies judged to be normal vs. stuttered, based on the acoustic characteristics of the moment of speech interruption (Study 4). Finally, to more fully examine the role speech motor abilities play in children's production of speech disfluencies, children who stutter and children who do not stutter will be compared in terms of the rate, accuracy, and fluency of their oral motor movements in an expanded diadochokinetic task (Study 5). Results from these studies will help evaluate and refine prominent theories of stuttering by evaluating key assumptions about the factors affecting children's fluency and by examining the differences between normal and stuttered disfluencies. Results will also help improve the diagnosis and treatment of children who stutter by helping clinicians evaluate different types of speech disruptions most indicative of stuttering and by evaluating several assumptions at the heart of prevailing treatments for childhood stuttering.

这项研究将评估几个广泛但未经测试的假设，基于当前的理论和儿童口吃的临床实践。这些假设是基于这样的观念：儿童生产各种类型的语音中断（语音错误，正常的分裂和口吃的分裂）受到言语某些特征的影响，例如其话语的长度和复杂性（语言特征），以及他们的口语和响应率和响应速度和响应延迟（征服性的特征）。 The research design includes five studies that will systematically evaluate the relationship between children's speech characteristics and their production of speech errors, normal disfluencies, and stuttered disfluencies by measuring change in children's fluency while experimentally manipulating: (a) children's utterance length and syntactic complexity (Study l), (b) children's speaking rate and response latency (Study 2), and (c) children's conversational partner's speech characteristics (Study 3).除了检查影响儿童流利程度的因素外，这项研究还将评估对最近理论中提出的言语裂变的根本原因的解释，并试图基于语音中断时刻的声学特征，试图在被认为是正常的与口径的裂缝之间进行客观区分（研究4）。最后，为了更充分地研究言语运动能力在儿童的言语出现中的作用，口吃的孩子和不结结巴巴的孩子将根据扩展的倍度毒理任务的速度，准确性和流利性进行比较（研究5）。这些研究的结果将通过评估有关影响儿童流畅性的因素并检查正常和口吃不受欢迎的因素的关键假设来评估和完善口吃的突出理论。结果还将有助于通过帮助临床医生评估不同类型的语音中断，并通过评估以口吃的方式评估不同类型的言语中断，并通过评估童年口吃的主要治疗方法中的几个假设来帮助改善口吃的儿童的诊断和治疗。