IMPACT OF NEGATIVE SOCIAL ENCHANGES IN LATER LIFE

负面社会变化对晚年生活的影响

• 批准号: 6503150
• 负责人: KAREN S ROOK
• 金额: $ 3.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6503150
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; emotions; epidemiology; human old age (65+); human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; outcomes research; psychological stressor; quality of life; questionnaires; social change; social support network; telecommunications

DESCRIPTION: Evidence has accumulated in recent years indicating that older adults' negative social exchanges with members of their social networks may be more consequential for well-being than positive exchanges with network members. Despite the mounting evidence that such negative exchanges detract substantially from well-being, relatively little is known about the factors that influence older adults' vulnerability to such exchanges. The proposed research project seeks to address this gap in knowledge by examining two complementary dimensions of vulnerability: exposure and reactivity. The specific aims are: (1) To compare the prevalence and impact of positive vs. negative social exchanges, using an assessment strategy designed to produce comprehensive and maximally comparable measures of these two kinds of exchanges; (2) To investigate the role of social network characteristics, stressful life events, and individual differences as predictors of older adults' exposure to negative social exchanges; (3) To investigate the role of social network characteristics, and individual differences as predictors of older adults' reactivity to negative social exchanges. To achieve these aims, the investigators will conduct a longitudinal study of a representative sample of 875 noninstitutionalized, cognitively functional older adults. Study participants will be interviewed every six months, with interviews conducted in person at baseline and subsequent interviews conducted by telephone at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months. The interviews will obtain detailed information about the participants' demographic characteristics, positive and negative social exchanges, stressful life events, and emotional health. This multi-wave study design will allow us to investigate the dynamics of older adults' positive and negative social network transactions before and after the occurrence of stressful life events.

描述：近年来积累了证据，表明 老年人与社会成员的负面社会交流 网络对幸福感可能比积极而更重要 与网络成员交流。 尽管有越来越多的证据表明 负面交流基本上会损害幸福感，相对 对影响老年人的因素知之甚少 这种交流的脆弱性。 拟议的研究项目寻求 通过检查两个互补性来解决知识的差距 脆弱性的维度：暴露和反应性。 具体目标 为：（1）比较正面与负面的患病率和影响 社会交流，使用旨在生产的评估策略 这两种的全面且最大程度地比较 交流； （2）调查社交网络的作用 特征， 压力性生活事件和个体差异作为老年人的预测因素 成年人接触负面的社会交流； （3）调查 社交网络特征和个体差异的作用 老年人对负面社会交流的反应性的预测因素。 为了实现这些目标，调查人员将进行纵向 研究875个非机构化的代表性样本， 认知功能性的老年人。 研究参与者将 每六个月接受一次采访，并亲自进行采访 基线和随后的访谈通过电话进行了6、12、18， 24和30个月。 访谈将获得有关的详细信息 参与者的人口特征，正面和负面 社交交流，压力大的生活事件和情感健康。 这 多波研究设计将使我们能够研究 老年人之前的正面和负面社交网络交易 在发生压力大的生活事件之后。