COGNITIVE DEFICITS RELATED TO CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM

与长期酗酒相关的认知缺陷

• 批准号: 6149811
• 负责人: REGINA MCGLINCHEY
• 金额: $ 9.43万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-02-01 至 2002-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6149811
• 关键词: Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome; alcoholic psychosis; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; brain mapping; cerebellar disorders; clinical research; cognition disorders; conditioning; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychomotor function

DESCRIPTION: This project renewal proposal requests continued support for studies in three aspects of alcoholic Korsakoffs' and chronic alcoholics' cognitive processing impairments. The first component extends our search for the cognitive factors identifying alcoholic Korsakoffs' and non-Korsakoff chronic alcoholics' memory disorders. Our prior research has shown that alcoholic Korsakoff patients' amnesia stems largely from an inability to utilize features of verbal and/or visual information to store and retrieve information. We have shown that this is largely a problem on tasks involving explicit retrieval and less so on implicit retrieval. However, even on these latter tasks, difficulties exist when conceptual processes are evoked. Chronic alcoholics have been shown to suffer from a different pattern of difficulties less tied to initial processing and more linked to task difficulty. Our future research is designed to pursue these areas of analytic deficiency in the domains of an explicit and implicit conceptual memory. The second component seeks to pursue our exploration of the factors contributing to chronic alcoholics' deficits on delayed-classical conditioning acquisition. Converging evidence from animal and human literature implicates cerebellar involvement in this type of learning, so we intend to explore this possibility by also testing learning on a trace conditioning paradigm that relies more strongly on hippocampal involvement. In addition, heart-rate and GSR conditioning and extinction will be explored. Finally, we shall extend our thesis of possible cerebellar dysfunction in chronic alcoholics by exploring the status of brain functioning in this area utilizing an fMRI procedure. Both uptake during a contrast fMRI and a structural analysis of the cerebellum will be performed to determine the extent to which any dysfunction in this area might contribute to the patients' impaired acquisition during conditioning. Then, an fMRI targeting frontal activity during an encoding and a retrieval task will be performed to determine the extent to which these behavioral deficits can be visualized on-line.

描述：该项目更新提案请求继续支持 在酒精korsakoffs和慢性酒精中毒的三个方面的研究 认知处理障碍。 第一个组件扩展了我们的搜索 对于认知因素，鉴定了酒精的korsakoffs和 非korsakoff慢性酗酒者的记忆障碍。 Our prior research has 表明酒精korsakoff患者的健忘症主要源于 无法利用口头和/或视觉信息的功能存储 并检索信息。 我们已经证明这在很大程度上是一个问题 涉及明确检索的任务，而在隐式检索中较少。 但是，即使在这些后一个任务上，概念上也存在困难 过程被唤起。 慢性酒精中毒已被证明患有 不同的困难模式与初始处理相关，而更多 链接到任务难度。 我们未来的研究旨在追求这些 明确和隐式领域的分析缺陷领域 概念记忆。 The second component seeks to pursue our exploration of the factors 导致长期酗酒者在延迟古典的情况下缺乏 条件采集。 来自动物和人类的证据 文学牵涉到小脑参与此类学习，所以我们 打算通过在跟踪上测试学习来探索这种可能性 调节范式更加强烈地依赖于海马参与。 另外，心率和GSR调节和灭绝将是 探索。 最后，我们将延长有关小脑功能障碍的论文 通过探索大脑功能在该领域的状态来长期酗酒 利用fMRI程序。 对比度fMRI和一个 将对小脑进行结构分析，以确定 该领域的任何功能障碍可能导致的范围 患者在调节过程中的收购受损。 然后，fMRI定位 将执行编码期间的额叶活动和检索任务 确定可以看到这些行为缺陷的程度 在线的。