COGNITIVE DEFICITS RELATED TO CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM

与长期酗酒相关的认知缺陷

• 批准号: 6149811
• 负责人: REGINA MCGLINCHEY
• 金额: $ 9.43万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-02-01 至 2002-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6149811
• 关键词: Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome; alcoholic psychosis; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; brain mapping; cerebellar disorders; clinical research; cognition disorders; conditioning; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychomotor function

DESCRIPTION: This project renewal proposal requests continued support for studies in three aspects of alcoholic Korsakoffs' and chronic alcoholics' cognitive processing impairments. The first component extends our search for the cognitive factors identifying alcoholic Korsakoffs' and non-Korsakoff chronic alcoholics' memory disorders. Our prior research has shown that alcoholic Korsakoff patients' amnesia stems largely from an inability to utilize features of verbal and/or visual information to store and retrieve information. We have shown that this is largely a problem on tasks involving explicit retrieval and less so on implicit retrieval. However, even on these latter tasks, difficulties exist when conceptual processes are evoked. Chronic alcoholics have been shown to suffer from a different pattern of difficulties less tied to initial processing and more linked to task difficulty. Our future research is designed to pursue these areas of analytic deficiency in the domains of an explicit and implicit conceptual memory. The second component seeks to pursue our exploration of the factors contributing to chronic alcoholics' deficits on delayed-classical conditioning acquisition. Converging evidence from animal and human literature implicates cerebellar involvement in this type of learning, so we intend to explore this possibility by also testing learning on a trace conditioning paradigm that relies more strongly on hippocampal involvement. In addition, heart-rate and GSR conditioning and extinction will be explored. Finally, we shall extend our thesis of possible cerebellar dysfunction in chronic alcoholics by exploring the status of brain functioning in this area utilizing an fMRI procedure. Both uptake during a contrast fMRI and a structural analysis of the cerebellum will be performed to determine the extent to which any dysfunction in this area might contribute to the patients' impaired acquisition during conditioning. Then, an fMRI targeting frontal activity during an encoding and a retrieval task will be performed to determine the extent to which these behavioral deficits can be visualized on-line.

描述：该项目更新提案请求继续支持 酗酒者科尔萨科夫和慢性酗酒者三个方面的研究 认知加工障碍。 第一个组件扩展了我们的搜索 识别酒精科尔萨科夫的认知因素 非科尔萨科夫慢性酗酒者的记忆障碍。 我们之前的研究有 研究表明，科尔萨科夫酗酒者的健忘症很大程度上源于 无法利用口头和/或视觉信息的特征来存储 并检索信息。 我们已经证明这很大程度上是一个问题 涉及显式检索的任务和较少涉及隐式检索的任务。 然而，即使在后面的这些任务中，当概念化时也存在困难 过程被激发。 慢性酗酒者已被证明患有以下疾病： 不同模式的困难与初始处理无关，更多 与任务难度有关。 我们未来的研究旨在追求这些 显性和隐性领域中分析不足的领域 概念记忆。 第二部分旨在继续我们对这些因素的探索 导致慢性酗酒者延迟古典音乐的缺陷 调理收购。 来自动物和人类的证据的融合 文献暗示小脑参与这种类型的学习，所以我们 打算通过跟踪测试学习来探索这种可能性 条件反射范式更强烈地依赖于海马体的参与。 此外，心率和 GSR 调节和消退将 探索过。 最后，我们将扩展我们关于可能存在小脑功能障碍的论点： 通过探索该区域的大脑功能状态来治疗慢性酗酒者 利用功能磁共振成像程序。 对比功能磁共振成像和 将进行小脑的结构分析以确定 该区域的任何功能障碍可能会在多大程度上导致 患者在调节过程中的习得能力受损。 然后，功能磁共振成像靶向 将执行编码和检索任务期间的额叶活动 确定这些行为缺陷的可视化程度 在线的。