MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION FOR THE PREVENTION OF INFECTIONS

预防感染的孕产妇免疫接种

• 批准号: 6158936
• 负责人: W P GLEZEN
• 金额: $ 93.69万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-30 至 2001-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6158936
• 关键词: clinical research; clinical trial phase I; congenital infection; disease /disorder prevention /control; human pregnant subject; human subject; humoral immunity; immunization; infant human (0-1 year); placental transfer; vaccines

The overall objective of this project is to evaluate maternal immunization for prophylaxis against infectious diseases in neonates and infants. Passively acquired humoral immunity for protection of neonates and young infants against a wide variety of bacterial and viral pathogens is extremely important. Within the infant itself, humoral immunity develops early in ontogeny but is relatively inefficient. By birth the infant is capable of responding to a large number of antigens, but there is little response to some antigens; e.g. polysaccharide antigens. This particular lack of response is significant in that young infants are at substantial risk for infections caused by capsulated organisms such as the group B streptococci (GBS) and M. influenza type b (Hib). While significant progress has been made in the development of more immunogenic bacterial and viral vaccines, prophylaxis in the vulnerable neonate and young infant remains problematic. Strategies for protecting this group against infection require evaluation of alternative delivery approaches. The theory behind maternal immunization is that sufficient antibody directed against organism components (e.g. type-specific capsular polysaccharides of GBS and Hib)can protect against systemic infection, and that antibody elicited by vaccination of women could confer protection to their infants through placental transfer. Maternal immunization has therefore been proposed as a method of providing short- term passive immunity, obviating the need for neonatal immunization when it is less likely to be effective. The work in this contracts encompasses phase I and phase II clinical trials of candidate vaccines of various types.

该项目的总体目的是评估母亲 针对新生儿的传染病的预防免疫 婴儿。 被动获得的体验免疫以保护新生儿 和针对各种细菌和病毒病原体的年轻婴儿 非常重要。在婴儿本身中，体液免疫力 在个体发育的早期发展，但效率相对较低。 到出生 婴儿能够对大量抗原做出反应，但是 对某些抗原的反应很少。例如多糖抗原。 这 特别缺乏反应很重要，因为年轻婴儿处于 由被倾斜生物（例如 B组B链球菌（GBS）和M.流感B型B（HIB）。 尽管 在更加免疫原性的发展中取得了重大进展 细菌和病毒疫苗，脆弱的新生儿的预防和 年轻的婴儿仍然有问题。 保护该小组的策略 针对感染需要评估替代性输送方法。 母体免疫背后的理论是足够的抗体 针对有机体成分（例如特定于类型的囊 GB和Hib的多糖可以防止全身感染， 妇女疫苗接种引起的抗体可以赋予 通过胎盘转移保护婴儿。 母亲 因此，已提出免疫作为提供短暂的一种方法 术语被动免疫，消除了新生儿免疫的需求 有效的可能性较小。 合同中的工作 包括I期和候选疫苗的II期临床试验 各种类型。