PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH

反社会行为与健康的心理生物学

• 批准号: 6097563
• 负责人: James Dee Higley
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6097563
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; aggression; alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; antisocial personality; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; cerebrospinal fluid; circadian rhythms; ethology; genotype; hydroxyindoleacetate; psychobiology; social behavior disorders; social dominance; species difference; telemetry

During the past year, our research included studies of: (1) neurobiology and behaviors that are correlated with Type II- like excessive alcohol consumption, including aggression, impulsivity, sleep and activity deficits, and reduced affiliative social behavior. These studies show that males with low CSF 5- HIAA concentrations continue to die at higher rates than subjects with high CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. They are also not sought as sexual partners by females, and inseminate females at a lower rate than males with high CSF 5-HIAAA concentrations. Of particular interest is a finding that males with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations exhibit high rates of physical aggression, and ultimately become high in social dominance ranking. This later finding suggests that reduced serotonin turnover, as measured by low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations, and physical aggression may be adaptive under certain conditions in some environments. (2) genetic influences on low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. DNA were obtained from 150 males to assess the rate that males with low and high CSF 5-HIAA concentrations produce offspring. (3) long- term continuity of interindividual differences in CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. These studies show that like personality and temperament individual differences in CSF 5-HIAA concentrations are stable across time, and across a number of different environmental situations. Subjects with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations continued to show low CSF 5-HIAA across repeated samplings from 18 months of age through their sixth year of life. Studies of females macaques first sampled in the naturalistic island environment showed that individual differences in CSF 5- HIAA concentrations were positively correlated between the island conditions, a single-cage, and a new social group environment two years later. This finding suggests that individual differences in CNS serotonin functioning is trait-like, showing interindividual stability across time and setting. (4) acquisition of social dominance in females removed from the naturalistic environment. Unlike the males studied above, in the absence of their family members, our studies showed that females with high CSF 5-HIAA concentrations were more likely to build friendships and coalitions which eventually led to high social dominance. Aggression was not correlated with social dominance. High rates of wounding were negatively correlated with CSF 5-HIAA concentrations.

在过去的一年中，我们的研究包括研究 的：（1）与II型相关的神经生物学和行为 像过度饮酒，包括侵略， 冲动性，睡眠和活动缺陷，并减少了联盟社会 行为。这些研究表明，CSF低5- HIAA的男性 浓度继续以比具有 高CSF 5-HIAA浓度。他们也没有被寻求 女性的性伴侣，并以较低的速度授予女性 比CSF高5-HIAAA浓度高的男性。特别 兴趣是CSF 5-HIAA低的男性 浓度表现出较高的身体攻击率，并且 最终在社会主导地位上变得很高。稍后 发现表明，通过 CSF 5-HIAA浓度低，身体攻击可能是 在某些环境中的某些条件下自适应。 （2）遗传 对低CSF 5-HIAA浓度的影响。 DNA是 从150名男性获得的以评估低和低男性的率 高CSF 5-HIAA浓度产生后代。 （3）长期 CSF 5-HIAA的个体差异的连续性 浓度。这些研究表明，人格和 CSF 5-HIAA浓度的气质个体差异 跨时间稳定，多种不同 环境情况。 CSF 5-HIAA的受试者 浓度继续显示出较低的CSF 5-HIAA 从18个月大到第六年的重复采样 生活。首先在自然主义中取样的女性猕猴的研究 岛环境表明，CSF 5-的个体差异 岛之间的HIAA浓度正相关 条件，一个笼子和一个新的社会群体环境两个 几年后。这一发现表明CNS的个体差异 5-羟色胺的功能类似于性状，显示了个体稳定性 跨时间和设置。 （4）获得社会主导地位 女性从自然主义环境中撤离。不像 在上面研究的男性，在没有家人的情况下，我们 研究表明，CSF 5-HIAA浓度高的女性 更有可能建立友谊和联盟 最终导致了高度的社会主导地位。侵略不是 与社会主导地位相关。高伤率是 与CSF 5-HIAA浓度负相关。