New Science to Enable the Design of Agricultural Landscapes that Deliver Multiple Functions - AgLand

新科学使农业景观设计能够提供多种功能 - AgLand

• 批准号: NE/T000244/2
• 负责人: Richard Pywell
• 金额: $ 166.47万
• 依托单位: UK CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT000244%2F2
• 关键词: New; Science; Enable; Design; Agricultural

The UK's land assets, and the goods and services they provide, are a finite and precious resource that is fundamental to our prosperity, and are intrinsically linked to our cultural heritage, and well-being. Over the next 50 years we expect to see unprecedented competition for land-use driven by a number of factors, including continuing growth in population and incomes, the impact of climate change and environmental degradation, new technologies (e.g. GM), and changing public attitudes and values. Around 70% (17.2 million hectares) of the UK land area is farmed, with 11.7 million ha of highly productive arable and improved grassland. UK agriculture is highly mechanised and efficient, contributing around £8.5 billion (0.6%) Gross Value Added to the UK economy annually and employing around 475,000 people. It is therefore certain that many future land-use conflicts will revolve around competition and trade-offs between food and biomass production, and other ecosystem goods and services required by society. The recently announced 25 Year Environment Plan (25YEP) outlines the UK Government's commitment to the protection and management of our environmental assets to deliver multiple benefits for society. Specifically, it states that future policy will support farmers to 'deliver benefits ....and achieve outcomes at the landscape and catchment level'. This will include habitat management and creation at the landscape scale to create resilient ecological networks, as recommended by Sir John Lawton in his 2010 review. Similarly, the BEIS Industrial Strategy seeks to 'put the UK at the forefront of the global revolution in farming to deliver benefits to farmers, the environment and consumers whilst driving growth, jobs and exports'. This will require farming systems that are sustainable and support the delivery of other ecosystem benefits. To put these new, cross-departmental policies into practice will require a more holistic landscape-scale decision-making framework than is currently available, underpinned by evidence from a high quality, cross-disciplinary research base. New Science to Enable the Design of Agricultural Landscapes that Deliver Multiple Functions (AgLand) will address this need and provide new knowledge, data and metrics, and a research infrastructure of study landscapes to enable evidence-based landscape planning. It will also aim to build cross-sectoral consensus and identify knowledge gaps to inform the design of future Landscape Decisions SPF initiatives. AgLand will build upon the research infrastructure, including new metrics and models, validated using existing NERC and BBSRC strategic investments (i.e. ASSIST, S2N and Wessex BESS), and will deliver this aim through the following objectives:1) Develop and validate new metrics to describe the composition, structure and function of agricultural landscapes using earth observation techniques and existing national datasets;2) Construct models describing the relationship between these landscape measures and key abiotic and biotic processes, and quantify how they vary across spatial scales;3) Validate these models using data from previous UKRI and Defra investments ('study landscapes');4) Quantify likely change in demand for and supply of natural capital and ecosystem services, including food production, within intensively farmed landscapes taking account of alternative trajectories of land-use change;5) Using this knowledge, create tools to support cross-departmental policy makers in the design of future 'multi-functional landscapes' to optimise, at multiple scales, the delivery of food production together with other key ecosystem functions linked to livelihoods and well-being.

英国的土地资产及其提供的商品和服务是一种有限和珍贵的资源，对我们的繁荣至关重要，并且与我们的文化遗产和幸福感与本质上联系在一起。在接下来的50年中，我们希望看到由许多因素驱动的空前的土地利用竞争，包括人口和收入的持续增长，气候变化和环境退化的影响，新技术（例如GM）以及不断变化的公众吸引力和价值观。英国土地面积约有70％（1,720万公顷），有1,170万公顷的高生产力和改善的草原。英国农业高度机械化和高效，每年为英国经济增加了约85亿英镑（0.6％）的总价值，雇用约47.5万人。因此，可以肯定的是，许多未来的土地利用冲突将围绕食品和生物质生产以及社会所需的其他生态系统商品和服务之间的竞争和权衡。最近宣布的25年环境计划（25YEP）概述了英国政府对保护和管理我们环境资产的承诺，以为社会带来多种利益。具体而言，它指出，未来的政策将支持农民“交付福利....并在景观和集水区取得成果”。正如约翰·劳顿爵士（John Lawton）在2010年的评论中建议的那样，这将包括景观规模上的栖息地管理和创造，以创建有弹性的生态网络。同样，Beis工业战略试图“将英国置于耕作方面的全球革命的最前沿，以在推动增长，就业和出口的同时向农民，环境和消费者带来福利”。这将需要可持续的农业系统并支持其他生态系统福利的提供。将这些新的，跨部门的政策付诸实践将需要比目前可用的更整体的景观规模的决策框架，这是基于高质量的跨学科研究基础的证据的基础。新科学能够实现提供多种功能的农业景观设计（AGLAND）将满足这一需求，并提供新的知识，数据和指标，以及研究景观的研究基础设施，以实现基于证据的景观计划。它还旨在建立跨部门共识并确定知识差距，以告知未来景观决策SPF计划的设计。 Agland将基于研究基础架构，包括新的指标和模型，并使用现有的NERC和BBSRC战略投资（即协助，S2N和Wessex Bess）进行了验证，并将通过以下目标实现此目标：1）开发和验证新的指标，以使用土地构造和现有的构建方式来描述这些模型和现有的构成与现有的构成，并实现了现有的构成技术，以及现有的景观技术；景观措施以及关键的非生物和生物过程，并量化它们在空间尺度上的变化； 3）使用先前的UKRI和DEFRA调查中的数据验证这些模型（“研究景观”）； 4）量化可能在范围内的自然资本和生态系统的供应，包括在内的自然资本和生态系统的供应，包括替代范围的范围内的自然资本和生态系统的供应，包括在内的自然资本和生态系统的供应，包括众多范围的范围，包括范围的范围，以范围内的范围范围内的范围，范围内的范围范围的范围，范围内的范围范围的范围却是范围内的范围。在未来的“多功能景观”设计中，跨部门政策制定者在多个尺度上优化食品生产的交付以及与生计和福祉相关的其他关键生态系统功能。

项目成果

Multi-tier archetypes to characterise British landscapes, farmland and farming practices

描述英国景观、农田和农业实践的多层原型

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac810e
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Goodwin C

Simulating cropping sequences using earth observation data

使用地球观测数据模拟种植序列

• DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2021.106330
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
• 影响因子: 8.3
• 作者: Sharp R

A new approach to characterising and predicting crop rotations using national-scale annual crop maps.

使用国家尺度的年度作物地图来描述和预测作物轮作的新方法。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160471
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: Upcott EV

Inconsistent detection of extinction debts using different methods

• DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05344
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Ecography
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Lucy E. Ridding;A. Newton;S. Keith;R. Walls;A. Diaz;R. Pywell;J. Bullock