Understanding the links between pelagic microbial ecosystems and organic matter cycling in the changing Arctic (Micro-ARC)

了解不断变化的北极中上层微生物生态系统与有机物循环之间的联系（Micro-ARC）

• 批准号: NE/R012644/1
• 负责人: Michael Cunliffe
• 金额: $ 28.49万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR012644%2F1
• 关键词: Understanding; links; between; pelagic; microbial

The Arctic Ocean's key role in regulating the global climate is highly sensitive to climate change. Arctic temperatures have increased more strongly than the global average during the recent past, causing a loss of multiyear sea-ice and fundamental changes in ecosystem structure and function. Arctic primary production and biogeochemical cycling are projected to change. Longer ice-free periods and thinner sea-ice increase light availability, enhancing phytoplankton production, which may also be further stimulated by increased carbon dioxide. We have assembled a multidisciplinary UK/German team to address this NERC/BMBF Arctic call with a renowned track record of pioneering research concerning the structure and function of marine pelagic ecosystems, including extensive research in the Arctic. This project has the overarching aim to improve our understanding of how short-term (e.g. seasonal-scale) and long-term (e.g. climate-driven) changes in the physical environment of the Arctic Ocean are impacting pelagic microbial ecosystems and how these affect current and future organic matter (OM) biogeochemistry. The focus of our activities principally addresses the NERC/BMBF Arctic call Challenge 1 "To develop quantified understanding of the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems". Our multidisciplinary team with expertise in marine microbial ecology, OM biogeochemistry, polar plankton ecology, and ecosystem modelling will fully characterise the microbial base (archaea, bacteria, protists including phytoplankton and fungi) of the pelagic Arctic food web in relation to OM cycling. Through a comprehensive multi-location and multi-seasonal cruise programme, we will address major knowledge gaps in the links between Arctic microbial ecosystem structure and function across a broad range of sea-ice environments. Our sampling strategy, including the rarely sampled winter and early spring, will allow us to quantify impacts of Arctic seasonality on the structure and functioning of microbial ecosystems in relation to OM cycling, allowing us to track major changes in autotrophic and heterotrophic production. Combining observation and modelling, we will analyse the underlying mechanisms that impact microbial dynamics and subsequent OM cycling on seasonal scales. The model setup will integrate forcing data and results of NEMO-MEDUSA simulations. Data-model synthesis will enable us to resolve and constrain processes that remain either unresolved or are assumed constant in MEDUSA. Our model results will thus specify uncertainty ranges that may be accounted for in future projections of the Arctic with NEMO-MEDUSA and the UK Earth System Model (UKESM).

北极海洋在调节全球气候方面的关键作用对气候变化非常敏感。最近，北极温度比全球平均水平更强，导致多年海冰损失以及生态系统结构和功能的根本变化。北极初级生产和生物地球化学循环预计将发生变化。较长的无冰时期和更薄的海冰增加了光的可用性，增强了浮游植物的产生，这也可能会因二氧化碳增加而进一步刺激。我们已经组建了一支多学科/德国团队，以享誉有关海洋上层生态系统的结构和功能的开创性研究的著名往绩来解决此NERC/BMBF北极呼叫，包括北极地区的广泛研究。该项目的总体旨在提高我们对北极海洋物理环境中短期（例如季节性尺度）和长期（例如气候驱动的）变化的理解，从而影响了骨膜微生物生态系统，以及这些影响如何影响当前和未来的有机物（OM）生物体体。我们的活动的重点主要解决了NERC/BMBF北极呼叫挑战1“以“建立对北极生态系统结构和功能的量化理解”。我们的多学科团队在海洋微生物生态学，OM生物地球化学，Polar Plankton生态学和生态系统建模方面具有专业知识，将充分表征Pelagic Arctic Arctic Food Web的微生物碱（古细菌，细菌，包括浮游植物和真菌在内的生物学家）。通过一项全面的多站点和多季节巡航计划，我们将解决北极微生物生态系统结构与功能之间广泛的海冰环境之间的联系中的主要知识差距。我们的抽样策略，包括很少采样的冬季和早春，将使我们能够量化北极季节对与OM循环有关的微生物生态系统的结构和功能的影响，从而使我们能够跟踪自养生和异嗜性生产的重大变化。结合观察和建模，我们将分析影响微生物动力学的基本机制以及随后在季节尺度上进行OM循环。模型设置将集成强迫数据和Nemo-Medusa模拟的结果。数据模型合成将使我们能够解决并限制在MEDUSA中尚未解决或假定恒定的过程。因此，我们的模型结果将指定不确定性范围，这些不确定性范围可能会在北极的未来预测中使用Nemo-Medusa和UK Earth System Model（UKESM）。

项目成果

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle in the Arctic Ocean With the Power of Microbes

利用微生物的力量减少、再利用、回收北冰洋

• DOI: 10.3389/frym.2020.00090
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Frontiers for Young Minds
• 作者: Zäncker B