Understanding the links between pelagic microbial ecosystems and organic matter cycling in the changing Arctic (Micro-ARC)

了解不断变化的北极中上层微生物生态系统与有机物循环之间的联系（Micro-ARC）

• 批准号: NE/R012644/1
• 负责人: Michael Cunliffe
• 金额: $ 28.49万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR012644%2F1
• 关键词: Understanding; links; between; pelagic; microbial

The Arctic Ocean's key role in regulating the global climate is highly sensitive to climate change. Arctic temperatures have increased more strongly than the global average during the recent past, causing a loss of multiyear sea-ice and fundamental changes in ecosystem structure and function. Arctic primary production and biogeochemical cycling are projected to change. Longer ice-free periods and thinner sea-ice increase light availability, enhancing phytoplankton production, which may also be further stimulated by increased carbon dioxide. We have assembled a multidisciplinary UK/German team to address this NERC/BMBF Arctic call with a renowned track record of pioneering research concerning the structure and function of marine pelagic ecosystems, including extensive research in the Arctic. This project has the overarching aim to improve our understanding of how short-term (e.g. seasonal-scale) and long-term (e.g. climate-driven) changes in the physical environment of the Arctic Ocean are impacting pelagic microbial ecosystems and how these affect current and future organic matter (OM) biogeochemistry. The focus of our activities principally addresses the NERC/BMBF Arctic call Challenge 1 "To develop quantified understanding of the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems". Our multidisciplinary team with expertise in marine microbial ecology, OM biogeochemistry, polar plankton ecology, and ecosystem modelling will fully characterise the microbial base (archaea, bacteria, protists including phytoplankton and fungi) of the pelagic Arctic food web in relation to OM cycling. Through a comprehensive multi-location and multi-seasonal cruise programme, we will address major knowledge gaps in the links between Arctic microbial ecosystem structure and function across a broad range of sea-ice environments. Our sampling strategy, including the rarely sampled winter and early spring, will allow us to quantify impacts of Arctic seasonality on the structure and functioning of microbial ecosystems in relation to OM cycling, allowing us to track major changes in autotrophic and heterotrophic production. Combining observation and modelling, we will analyse the underlying mechanisms that impact microbial dynamics and subsequent OM cycling on seasonal scales. The model setup will integrate forcing data and results of NEMO-MEDUSA simulations. Data-model synthesis will enable us to resolve and constrain processes that remain either unresolved or are assumed constant in MEDUSA. Our model results will thus specify uncertainty ranges that may be accounted for in future projections of the Arctic with NEMO-MEDUSA and the UK Earth System Model (UKESM).

北冰洋在调节全球气候方面发挥着关键作用，对气候变化高度敏感。最近一段时间，北极气温的上升幅度超过了全球平均水平，导致多年海冰消失，生态系统结构和功能发生根本性变化。北极初级生产和生物地球化学循环预计将发生变化。更长的无冰期和更薄的海冰增加了光的可用性，提高了浮游植物的产量，而二氧化碳的增加也可能进一步刺激浮游植物的产量。我们组建了一支多学科的英国/德国团队来应对 NERC/BMBF 北极电话会议，该团队在海洋中上层生态系统的结构和功能方面具有著名的开创性研究记录，包括在北极的广泛研究。该项目的总体目标是提高我们对北冰洋物理环境的短期（例如季节性）和长期（例如气候驱动）变化如何影响中上层微生物生态系统以及这些变化如何影响当前微生物生态系统的理解。和未来有机物（OM）生物地球化学。我们活动的重点主要是解决 NERC/BMBF 北极呼吁挑战 1“对北极生态系统的结构和功能进行量化了解”。我们的多学科团队拥有海洋微生物生态学、OM 生物地球化学、极地浮游生物生态学和生态系统建模方面的专业知识，将充分描述与 OM 循环相关的远洋北极食物网的微生物基础（古细菌、细菌、原生生物，包括浮游植物和真菌）。通过全面的多地点和多季节巡航计划，我们将解决广泛海冰环境中北极微生物生态系统结构和功能之间联系的主要知识差距。我们的采样策略，包括很少采样的冬季和早春，将使我们能够量化北极季节性对与 OM 循环相关的微生物生态系统的结构和功能的影响，使我们能够跟踪自养和异养生产的重大变化。结合观察和建模，我们将分析影响微生物动态和随后季节性尺度有机循环的潜在机制。该模型设置将集成 NEMO-MEDUSA 模拟的强迫数据和结果。数据模型综合将使我们能够解决和约束在 MEDUSA 中尚未解决或假设不变的过程。因此，我们的模型结果将指定不确定性范围，这些不确定性范围可以在 NEMO-MEDUSA 和英国地球系统模型 (UKESM) 的北极未来预测中得到考虑。

项目成果

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle in the Arctic Ocean With the Power of Microbes

利用微生物的力量减少、再利用、回收北冰洋

• DOI: 10.3389/frym.2020.00090
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Frontiers for Young Minds
• 作者: Zäncker B