Sustainable Oceans, Livelihoods and food Security Through Increased Capacity in Ecosystem research in the Western Indian Ocean (SOLSTICE-WIO)

通过提高西印度洋生态系统研究能力实现可持续海洋、生计和粮食安全 (SOLSTICE-WIO)

基本信息

批准号：
NE/P021050/2
负责人：
Michael John Roberts
金额：
$ 498.36万
依托单位：
NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY CENTRE
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP021050%2F2
关键词：
Sustainable Oceans Livelihoods food Security

项目摘要

Ten percent of the world's population depend on the ocean for a readily accessible source of protein and employment, with the majority (95%) living in developing countries. Poor coastal communities are at the frontier for climate change impacts, compounded by population growth and food demand, but are among the least resilient to the challenges of the future.SOLSTICE-WIO will focus on coastal communities in nine developing countries and island states in eastern Africa, interlinked culturally and ecologically and collectively known as the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region. All nine (South Africa, Mauritius, Seychelles, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Somalia, Madagascar, Comoros) are on the list of Official Development Aid recipients, with five identified as Least Developed Countries.In the WIO over 100 million people live within 100 km of the ocean, with a significant proportion employed in local fisheries. This leaves the region highly dependent on the ocean for economic stability, food security, and social cohesion. These coastal communities have limited adaptive capacity to cope with dramatic reductions in fish stocks caused by overfishing, habitat destruction, and increasing environmental pressures - all aggravated by climate change. The decline of WIO fisheries has had profound socio-political ramifications, from the rise of piracy to general political instability. A clear example of the devastating effect of a fish stock reduction is the collapse of the Chokka Squid fishery in South Africa. SOLSTICE-WIO will use this as a case study to demonstrate the strengths of a holistic approach to human-ecosystem-fisheries research and the potential solutions this can offer. The squid fishery was the 4th most valuable fishery in South Africa, bringing foreign currency into one of the poorest provinces. It was directly employing 5000 fishermen with 30,000 dependents. The 2013 crash had a devastating effect on the Eastern Cape, yet the underlying reasons are unknown: local fishermen believe the collapse was caused by environmental change. Until the mechanisms behind the collapse are understood, there is little potential for aiding recovery or guiding adaptation. SOLSTICE-WIO will provide this urgently needed understanding to help inform the fishery and Government as to the fate of the local ecosystem, whether it will recover, and whether the crash could have been predicted or prevented. How will SOLSTICE achieve this?The key to stability of living marine resources lies in an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF), which sees human-natural systems as a whole, integrated entity rather than separately considering individual target species. Simply put: you cannot manage something you don't understand, nor can you adapt to change through management improvements unless you can describe, measure and understand the changes. The core strength of SOLSTICE-WIO lies in its integral approach to food security, drawing on UK expertise in physical oceanography, marine ecology, autonomous observations, environmental economics and the human dimension,and WIO expertise in fisheries, the marine economy and regional policy development.SOLSTICE will provide the region with the state-of-the-art technology to deliver cost-effective marine research and provide the information needed to achieve maximum potential from the region's living marine resources. In the UK marine robotics, ocean models and novel data products from satellite observations have developed rapidly in the last decade, and now underpin Blue Economies and Ocean Governance in Europe. These technologies are highly agile and ready to be applied in the developing world as cost-effective ways to maximise understanding and sustainable exploitation of living marine resources. Such "technology leapfrogging" can overcome the severe lack of research ships in the WIO and save decades of effort in developing predictive modelling systems from scratch.

世界上有百分之十的人口取决于海洋，这是一种容易获得的蛋白质和就业来源，其中大多数（95％）居住在发展中国家。沿海社区贫困的人口增长和食品需求加剧了气候变化影响的边界，但对未来的挑战的韧性最低。Solstice-Wio将集中在东非东非的九个发展中国家和岛屿国家的沿海社区，在文化，生态，生态上并在西部印度海（Wio）（Wio）（Wio）（Wio）地区。所有九个（南非，毛里求斯，塞舌尔，肯尼亚，坦桑尼亚，莫桑比克，索马里亚，马达加斯加，科莫罗斯）都在官方开发援助接收者的名单上，至少有五个已确定的是识别为1亿人口的人，超过1亿人口居住在100 km的海洋内，并在当地的渔民中雇用了一份大量的海洋。这使该地区高度依赖于海洋的经济稳定，粮食安全和社会凝聚力。这些沿海社区的适应能力有限，可以应对因过度捕捞，栖息地破坏和增加环境压力而引起的鱼群的大幅减少 - 所有这些都因气候变化而加剧。 WIO渔业的衰落具有深远的社会政治后果，从盗版到普遍的政治动荡。降低鱼类库存的毁灭性作用的一个明显例子是南非的Chokka鱿鱼渔业的崩溃。 Solstice-Wio将使用此案例研究来证明人类生态系统研究的整体方法的优势以及可以提供的潜在解决方案。鱿鱼渔业是南非第四大最有价值的渔业，将外币带入了最贫穷的省份之一。它直接雇用了5000名渔民，有30,000名受抚养人。 2013年的坠机事故对东开普省有毁灭性的影响，但根本的原因是未知的：当地渔民认为崩溃是由环境变化造成的。在理解崩溃的机制之前，几乎没有帮助恢复或指导适应的潜力。 Solstice-Wio将提供急需的理解，以帮助告知渔业和政府当地生态系统的命运，是否会恢复以及是否可以预测或预防坠机。冬至将如何实现这一目标？生存海洋资源稳定的关键在于生态系统的渔业方法（EAF），该方法将人类自然系统从整体上进行，而不是单独考虑单个目标物种。简而言之：您无法管理自己不了解的事情，除非您能够描述，衡量和理解更改，否则您也无法通过管理改进来适应变化。 Solstice-wio的核心优势在于其粮食安全的整体方法，借鉴了英国物理海洋学，海洋生态学，自主观察，自主观察，环境经济学和人类维度以及渔业方面的WIO专业知识，海洋经济和区域政策发展的WIO专业知识。Solstice将为该地区提供较高的领域，可为您提供最高的海上研究，并为该地区提供最佳的海上研究，并提供高度的海上信息。在英国海洋机器人技术中，来自卫星观察结果的海洋模型和新型数据产品在过去十年中迅速发展，现在是欧洲蓝色经济体和海洋治理的基础。这些技术非常敏捷，并准备在发展中国家中应用，作为具有成本效益的方式，以最大程度地了解和可持续地利用对活着的海洋资源的可持续利用。这种“技术跨越”可以克服WIO中严重缺乏研究船，并节省数十年来从头开始开发预测性建模系统的努力。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Projected climate change impacts on the ecosystems of the Agulhas Bank, South Africa

DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105092
发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
影响因子：
0
作者：
S. Asdar;Z. Jacobs;E. Popova;M. Noyon;Warwick H. H. Sauer-Warwick-H.-H.-Sauer-2138608034;Michaela Roberts
通讯作者：
S. Asdar;Z. Jacobs;E. Popova;M. Noyon;Warwick H. H. Sauer-Warwick-H.-H.-Sauer-2138608034;Michaela Roberts

Optical particle measurements reveal cross-shelf turbidity gradients on the Agulhas Bank

光学粒子测量揭示了厄加勒斯浅滩的跨陆架浊度梯度