Detection and characterisation of inflammatory agents associated with bioaerosol emitted from biowaste and intensive agriculture

与生物废物和集约化农业排放的生物气溶胶相关的炎症因子的检测和表征

• 批准号: NE/M011763/1
• 负责人: Toni Gladding
• 金额: $ 41.3万
• 依托单位: The Open University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM011763%2F1
• 关键词: Detection; characterisation; inflammatory; agents; associated

The biowaste (eg composting) and intensive agriculture (eg housed poultry / pigs) industries emit bioaerosol of significance to human health. Whilst some progress has been made in characterising emissions from these industries relatively little headway has been made regarding the linked research questions of: understanding exposure of the general public to bioaerosol; putting process-based exposures into the context of background exposure to natural bioaerosol (or other anthropogenic sources); quantifying health risk and setting health-based standards. A critical limiting factor in all of these areas is the lack of advanced microbiological methods (sampling, analytical, interpretative) to quantify and qualify bioaerosol emissions and dispersion. Our current evidence base is almost entirely reliant on short duration "snapshot" sampling and culture-dependent microbiology. Whilst traditional microbiology remains fit for purpose in specific circumstances, new fast and efficient methods are needed to understand the nature and significance of non-viable bioaerosol fractions and to develop a new generation of monitoring approaches to deal with the research questions posed above.Aerosolised endotoxin is an attractive research subject in the context of this NERC programme. It is ubiquitous in biowaste and agricultural emissions. Previous occupational bioaerosol research has established an exposure-response relationship. In the Netherlands, endotoxin is regarded as the prime candidate for health-based bioaerosol emission limits / exposure guidelines for workers and the public. Yet, confidence in the development and implementation of evidence-based regulation of this bioaerosol molecule continues to be constrained by gaps in our fundamental understanding of the nature of endotoxin in ambient air which in turn stems from limitations in measurement techniques. In this research we aim to develop new methodologies capable of characterising and quantifying emissions of endotoxin in air.Objectives - develop new methods to size fractionate endotoxin and elucidate structural features;- develop a novel biosensor for rapid detection of endotoxin, other inflammatory agents and cells (live/dead)- use the WIBS real-time bioaerosol sensor to understand emission and dispersion of bioaerosol including endotoxin- characterise industry-specific bioaerosol emissions at composting and farm sites- detect microbial pathogens at biowaste and intensive agricultural facilities using novel methods- generate improved exposure assessments around biowaste / intensive agricultural facilities using dispersion modelling and Openair.Whilst our work plan focuses on new endotoxin detection methods we are cogniscent of the fact that there are other biomolecules in air that promote inflammation when inhaled. These will be detected by the novel biosensor and we aim to distinguish the signalling pathways and demonstrate how the cells respond to different biomolecular challenges.The research team has unparalleled experience in translating cutting edge bioaerosol science into policy and practice. Uncertainty with respect to health effects from regulated industrial processes is deleterious to all stakeholders concerned including the public, regulators, the Government, industry and investors. The public remains fearful of the potential health impacts. Regulators face uncertainty in terms of striking the right balance between public health protection and encouraging economic development. Planning and licensing delays constrain Government waste strategy and economic development initiatives and create problems for entrepreneurs trying to deliver Government targets and establish viable businesses. Whilst this research will be underpinned by excellent new science, it is clear that the impact agenda is driven by the potential for translating this into a regulatory science evidence base, new regulatory guidance and models for the protection of public health.

生物塑料（例如，堆肥）和强化农业（例如，家禽 /猪）行业对人类健康具有重要意义。尽管在这些行业的排放中取得了一些进展，但在相互联系的研究问题上，这些行业的进展相对较少：了解公众对生物美感的接触；将基于过程的暴露置于背景暴露于天然生物溶质的背景下（或其他人为来源）；量化健康风险并设定基于健康的标准。所有这些领域的关键限制因素是缺乏先进的微生物方法（采样，分析，解释性）来量化和合格生物溶质的排放和分散体。我们当前的证据基础几乎完全依赖于短期“快照”采样和依赖培养的微生物学。尽管在特定情况下，传统的微生物学仍然适合于目的，但需要新的快速和高效方法来了解不可行的生物溶质分数的性质和意义，并开发出一种新一代的监测方法来处理上述研究问题。大型内毒素内毒素在此NECERC计划的背景下是一个有吸引力的研究主题。它无处不在生物塑料和农业排放。先前的职业生物美感研究已经建立了暴露响应关系。在荷兰，内毒素被视为工人和公众基于健康的生物溶质排放限制 /暴露指南的主要候选人。然而，对这种生物溶质分子基于证据的调节的发展和实施的信心继续受到我们对环境空气中内毒素性质的基本理解的差距的限制，这反过来又源于测量技术的限制。 In this research we aim to develop new methodologies capable of characterising and quantifying emissions of endotoxin in air.Objectives - develop new methods to size fractionate endotoxin and elucidate structural features;- develop a novel biosensor for rapid detection of endotoxin, other inflammatory agents and cells (live/dead)- use the WIBS real-time bioaerosol sensor to understand emission and dispersion of bioaerosol including内毒素特征在堆肥和养殖场所以特定行业特异性的生物溶质排放来检测生物质量和强化农业设施的微生物病原体，并使用新方法进行改进的敞口评估，以进行生物质量 /强化农业设施围绕分散型和露天进行生物量化 /强化农业设施。吸入时会促进炎症的空气中的其他生物分子。这些新型生物传感器将检测到这些，我们旨在区分信号通路，并证明细胞如何应对不同的生物分子挑战。研究团队在将最前沿的生物美感科学转化为政策和实践方面具有无与伦比的经验。关于受管制工业流程的健康影响的不确定性对包括公众，监管机构，政府，工业和投资者在内的所有利益相关者都是有害的。公众仍然担心潜在的健康影响。监管机构在打破公共卫生保护与鼓励经济发展之间的正确平衡方面面临不确定性。计划和许可延迟限制政府废物战略和经济发展计划，并为试图实现政府目标并建立可行业务的企业家造成问题。尽管这项研究将得到出色的新科学的基础，但很明显，影响议程的驱动是由将其转化为监管科学证据基础，新的监管指导和保护公共卫生模型的潜力。

项目成果

Scoping studies to establish the capability and utility of a real-time bioaerosol sensor to characterise emissions from environmental sources.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.120
• 发表时间: 2019-01
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: Z. Nasir;E. Hayes;Ben Williams;T. Gladding;C. Rolph;S. Khera;S. Jackson;A. Bennett;S. Collins-S.-Colli

TOWARDS IMPROVED BIOAEROSOL MODEL VALIDATION AND VERIFICATION

• DOI: 10.2495/air180041
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Air Pollution XXVI
• 作者: Ben Williams;E. Hayes;Z. Nasir;C. Rolph;S. Jackson;S. Khera;A. Bennett;T. Gladding;G. Drew;J. Longhurst;S. Tyrrel

A Controlled Study on the Characterisation of Bioaerosols Emissions from Compost

• DOI: 10.3390/atmos9100379
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: Atmosphere
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Z. Nasir;C. Rolph;S. Collins;D. Stevenson;T. Gladding;E. Hayes;Ben Williams;S. Khera;S. Jackson-S

Size fractionation of endotoxin from organic waste

有机废物中内毒素的尺寸分级

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Rolph C.A.