URBAN HEAVY METAL EXPOSURE--ELEMENTAL AND ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF SAMPLES

城市重金属暴露——样品的元素和同位素组成

• 批准号: 6106449
• 负责人: H J SIMPSON
• 金额: $ 8.37万
• 依托单位: MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF CUNY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6106449
• 关键词: air sampling /monitoring; analytical chemistry; cadmium; chromium; engine exhaust; environmental contamination; fossil fuel energy; hazardous substances; heavy metals; industrial waste; lead; lead poisoning; nickel; soil sampling; urban area; vanadium; water environment; water pollution; water sampling /testing; zinc

Throughout the decade of the 1980's, despite the elimination of lead from gasoline and reductions of lead emissions from regional industry, concentrations of lead and other metals remained high in harbor sediments in New York and New Jersey. There appears therefore to be a "missing" or unidentified source of lead in the New York-New Jersey environment that is compensating for declines in traditional sources. Potential candidates include industrial and incinerator emissions to air, drinking water delivery systems and interior and exterior paints. Heavy metal fluxes have not been monitored directly and must therefore be estimated by indirect means. The goal of this project is to identify previously unrecognized urban sources of environmental lead using dated environmental samples. This strategy will enable us to deconvolve the major sources and pathways of lead to the urban environment over the past few decades, and will be guided by the following hypotheses: 1. Exterior lead paints in the New York City area contribute a significant portion of the "missing" lead source that has kept lead levels high in New York-New Jersey harbor sediments. 2. The transfer of gasoline lead from land to New York-New Jersey harbor sediments is slow (at least 10-15 years) process that has helped to maintain high lead concentrations in harbor sediments. 3. Most of the lead that is deposited in New York-New Jersey harbor sediments has passed through Water Pollution Control Plants. The samples to be utilized are: 1) airborne particulates from weekly air filters which have been collected and archived since 1966, 2) dated sediment cores from New York Harbor, bays and tributaries, 3) dated sediment cores for the New York city reservoir system, 4) soil cores from parks and areas near bridges, 5) water samples taken from throughout the water delivery system (reservoir to tap, and especially tap water in areas of the city where the New York city Department of Environmental Protection has identified problems for lead) and 6) sewage sludge from New York City Water Pollution Control Plants (WPCP). We will measure Pb and other metal concentrations (Cr, Cd, V, Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Mn, Sn, Hg, Sr, Ag, Fe, Al, Ti, Ba) as well as lead-isotopic fingerprints for the various sources of Pb to the NYC environment (pipes, solder, sewage outfall, combined sewer overflow, paints (including paints from bridges), vehicle exhausts, oil combustion, incinerators, and battery industries. Data obtained from this study will provide information on major current sources of lead exposure for urban populations. These data will be essential for development of rational strategies of exposure prevention.

在1980年代的整个十年中，尽管取消了铅 汽油和减少区域行业的铅排放， 在港口沉积物中，铅和其他金属的浓度保持较高 在纽约和新泽西州。 因此似乎有一个“缺失” 或在纽约 - 新泽西环境中未知的铅来源 这可以补偿传统来源下降。 潜在的 候选人包括工业和焚化炉排放，饮酒 水输送系统以及内部和外部油漆。 重金属 通量尚未直接监测，因此必须估算 通过间接手段。 该项目的目的是确定以前未被认可的城市 使用日期环境样本的环境铅来源。 这 策略将使我们能够解析主要来源和途径 在过去的几十年中导致城市环境，将是 在以下假设的指导下：1。外部铅漆在新的 约克市地区贡献了“失踪”铅的很大一部分 纽约 - 新泽西港的潜在客户水平保持较高的资料 沉积物。 2。从土地转移到纽约 - 新的 泽西港港口沉积物很慢（至少10 - 15年）的过程 有助于保持港口沉积物中的高铅浓度。 3。 存放在纽约 - 新泽西港的大部分领先优势 沉积物已经通过水污染控制厂。 要使用的样品是：1）每周空气中的空中颗粒物 自1966年以来收集和存档的过滤器，2） 来自纽约港的沉积物核心，海湾和支流，3） 纽约市水库系统的沉积物核心，4）来自土壤核心 桥梁附近的公园和区域，5）从整个桥梁中采集的水样 水输送系统（水龙头的水库，尤其是自来水 纽约市环境部的城市地区 保护已确定铅的问题）和6）污水污泥 纽约市水污染控制工厂（WPCP）。 我们将测量PB 和其他金属浓度（CR，CD，V，Cu，Zn，AS，Ni，Mn，Sn，Hg，Hg， SR，AG，FE，AL，TI，BA）以及铅 - 异位指纹 PB到纽约环境的各种来源（管道，焊料，污水 排出，下水道溢出，油漆（包括桥的油漆）， 车辆排气，油燃，焚化炉和电池行业。 从这项研究获得的数据将提供有关主要电流的信息 城市人口的铅暴露来源。 这些数据将是 制定预防暴露的理性策略至关重要。