Tree communities, airborne remote sensing and ecosystem function: new connections through a traits framework applied to a tropical elevation gradient

树木群落、机载遥感和生态系统功能：通过应用于热带海拔梯度的特征框架建立新联系

• 批准号: NE/J023531/1
• 负责人: Patrick Meir
• 金额: $ 3.54万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ023531%2F1
• 关键词: Tree; communities; airborne; remote; sensing

What is the relationship between the composition of an ecological community and its ecosystem function? How do changes in community composition affect carbon and nutrient cycling? How does a shift in ecosystem productivity (e.g. through fertilization) feed through to changes in diversity? These are perhaps the most important questions in ecology day, in the context of direct human pressure on ecosystems and indirect pressure through global atmospheric change. Here we propose to collect the data and develop and evaluate a framework to advance these ideas, in the context of tree community composition of tropical forests.We take advantage of three powerful tools that our team of investigators and project partners have developed: (i) an elevation transect of study sites in the Andes-Amazon where tree community composition and dynamics have been described in detail; (ii) airborne hyperspectral and lidar data that have recently been collected over this same transect, that enable determination of forest structure and chemistry in unprecedented detail, and (iii) a theoretical framework that utilises plant traits to propose a mechanistic approach to scale from community composition to ecosystem function. We will add to these datasets by: 1. Conducting an extensive leaf and wood traits collection campaign for seven sites along this transect, and2. Collecting data on nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. Then we will develop a 3D model of the forest canopy of each plot (based on forest tree census and lidar data) to:3. Explore the relationship between leaf traits and tree level characteristics (gross primary production, wood production, above-ground net primary production and nutrient cycling)4. Scale from individual trees to the whole plot ecosystem characteristics (productivity, wood production, nutrient cycling)Having developed this detailed framework for relating individual tree properties to plot-level function, we will try to simplify the system to see if ecosystem level properties can be derived from an understanding of the mean value and distribution of traits in a community. Finally, we will explore how well tree-level characteristics can be described by airborne hyperspectra and lidar, and thus explore whether it is possible to describe landscape level ecosystem functioning at the scale of thousands of hectares. We have assembled a team of leading UK and USA researchers, and have an opportunity to make major advances and novel contributions to these important questions. Ultimately, we seek to acquire a mechanistic understanding of the relationship between forest community assembly and ecosystem level processes. Achievement of this goal would represent a major advance in ecology, in developing a both a theoretical and empirical toolkit with which to reach this goal.

生态界的组成与其生态系统功能之间的关系是什么？社区组成的变化如何影响碳和营养循环？生态系统生产力的转变（例如，通过受精）如何转化为多样性的变化？在人类对生态系统的直接压力和通过全球大气变化的直接压力和间接压力的背景下，这些可能是生态日最重要的问题。在这里，我们建议在热带森林的树木社区组成的背景下，收集和评估一个框架以推进这些想法。我们利用了三种强大的工具，我们的研究人员和项目伙伴团队已经开发出来：（i）在安第斯山脉研究地点的高程横断面，在安第斯山脉研究地点详细描述了树木社区的组成和动力学； （ii）最近在同一样带上收集的空中高光谱和激光元数据，可以以前所未有的细节来确定森林结构和化学，以及（iii）一种利用植物特征的理论框架，该框架利用植物特征提出一种机械方法，以从社区成分到生态系统功能来规模。我们将通过以下方式添加到这些数据集中：1。为沿该样带的七个站点和2个站点进行广泛的叶子和木质特质收集活动。收集有关氮和磷循环的数据。然后，我们将开发每个图的森林冠层的3D模型（基于森林树普查和LIDAR数据）至：3。探索叶片性状与树级特征之间的关系（主要产量，木材生产，地上净初级生产和营养循环）4。从各个树木到整个情节生态系统特征（生产力，木材生产，营养循环）已经开发了这种详细的框架，以将单个树的特性与情节级功能联系起来，我们将尝试简化系统，以查看生态系统级别的属性是否可以从对社区中平均价值和分布的理解中得出。最后，我们将探讨空中的Hyperpectra和LiDAR如何描述树级特征，从而探索是否可以在数千公顷的规模上描述景观水平的生态系统的功能。我们组建了一个由英国和美国领先的研究人员组成的团队，并有机会为这些重要问题做出重大进步和新颖的贡献。最终，我们寻求对森林社区大会与生态系统级别流程之间关系的机械理解。实现这一目标将代表生态学的重大进步，在开发一个实现这一目标的理论和经验工具包中。

项目成果

Convergence in phosphorus constraints to photosynthesis in forests around the world.

世界各地森林中磷对光合作用的限制趋同。

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32545-0
• 发表时间: 2022-08-25
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6

Source and sink carbon dynamics and carbon allocation in the Amazon basin

• DOI: 10.1002/2014gb005028
• 发表时间: 2015-05-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Doughty, Christopher E.;Metcalfe, D. B.;Malhi, Y.
• 通讯作者: Malhi, Y.