Capturing a new episode of unrest at Santorini volcano, Greece

捕捉希腊圣托里尼火山的新一轮骚乱

基本信息

批准号：
NE/J011436/1
负责人：
David Pyle
金额：
$ 6.58万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ011436%2F1
关键词：
Capturing new episode unrest Santorini

项目摘要

Santorini is a major volcano in the Aegean sea (Greece), which is best known for a major eruption (the Minoan eruption) that occurred about 3,600 years ago, and has been implicated in major environmental and political impacts across the eastern Mediterranean. Since that eruption, which formed a large caldera, now flooded by the sea, volcanic activity at Santorini has been restricted to a small region in the middle of the caldera. Over the past 500 years, six moderate eruptions have taken place, forming the young islands of Nea and Palea Kameni. These eruptions have usually happened with little warning - a few very small earthquakes; some movements of the islands (up and down), and some changes in the seawater around the many hotsprings in the area. Each of these eruptions has involved the slow squeezing out of lava, with a few more dramatic explosions and the ejection of blocks of lava, ash and noxious gases. The last, and smallest, of these eruptions took place in 1950. Since 1950, Santorini has been quiescent - with very few earthqaukes, and very little gas emission. Recently, during fieldwork, we measured a large increase in gas emission rates from near the youngest volcanic vent. We have also now seen some rapid movements of the main island of Santorini (measured by GPS), and of New Kameni (measure by satellite): these show that the islands are being lifted up by a few centimetres per month. There has also been a major swarm of very small earthquakes, some of which have been large enough to be felt by the residents of the islands. We think that all of this evidence shows that Santorini has begun a significant phase of 'unrest'. The pattern of unrest that we have seen is similar to the signals reported that happen before some of the historical eruptions, amd we propose an intensive field campaign to measure the ground deformation and gas emissions, associated with the inflation of this major caldera volcano. Because there have been very few opportunities for scientists to monitor the behaviour of caldera volcanoes during periods of unrest, we really don't yet know how to distinguish between background activity, and activity which might happen before an eruption, at least until just a very short time before an eruption happens. For this reason, we wish to use this rare opportunity to measure the changes with a shallow disturbance at a quiescent but dangerous volcano.

圣托里尼（Santorini）是爱琴海（希腊）的主要火山，该火山以大约3,600年前发生的重大喷发（米诺亚爆发）而闻名，并与东部地中海东部的重大环境和政治影响有关。自从形成大型火山口的那次喷发以来，现在被海洋淹没了，圣托里尼的火山活动被限制在火山口中间的一个小区域。在过去的500年中，发生了六次适度的爆发，形成了NEA和Palea Kameni的年轻岛屿。这些爆发通常几乎没有警告 - 几个很小的地震。这些岛屿（上下）的一些运动，以及该地区许多炎热的海水发生了一些变化。这些爆发中的每一个都涉及熔岩的缓慢挤压，发生了更多戏剧性的爆炸以及熔岩，灰烬和有害气体的块。这些爆发中的最后一次，最小的是1950年。自1950年以来，圣托里尼（Santorini）一直是静止的 - 地球库克（Earthqaukes）很少，而且气体排放量很少。最近，在实地调查期间，我们从最年轻的火山通风口附近测量了气体排放率的大幅增加。现在，我们还看到了圣托里尼岛（通过GPS衡量）和新卡梅尼（通过卫星测量）的一些快速运动：这些表明这些岛屿每月被抬起几厘米。也有很小的地震群，其中有些足够大，可以被岛上的居民感受到。我们认为所有这些证据都表明，圣托里尼已经开始了“动荡”的重要阶段。我们看到的动荡模式类似于报道的信号，这些信号在一些历史爆发之前发生，AMD我们提出了一项密集的现场运动，以衡量与这座主要火山口火山通货膨胀有关的地面变形和气体排放。由于科学家在动乱期间没有机会监测火山口火山的行为，因此我们真的不知道如何区分背景活动，而这种活动可能在喷发之前发生，至少直到发生喷发发生前很短的时间。因此，我们希望利用这个难得的机会在静止但危险的火山中通过浅干扰来衡量变化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

From quiescence to unrest: 20 years of satellite geodetic measurements at Santorini volcano, Greece

从平静到动荡：希腊圣托里尼火山 20 年卫星大地测量

DOI：
10.1002/2014jb011540
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Solid Earth
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Parks M
通讯作者：
Parks M

Santorini Volcano and its Plumbing System

DOI：
10.2138/gselements.15.3.177
发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
ELEMENTS
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Druitt, Timothy H.;Pyle, David M.;Mather, Tamsin A.
通讯作者：
Mather, Tamsin A.

Post-eruptive flooding of Santorini caldera and implications for tsunami generation.

DOI：
10.1038/ncomms13332
发表时间：
2016-11-08
期刊：
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Nomikou, P.;Druitt, T. H.;Hubscher, C.;Mather, T. A.;Paulatto, M.;Kalnins, L. M.;Kelfoun, K.;Papanikolaou, D.;Bejelou, K.;Lampridou, D.;Pyle, D. M.;Carey, S.;Watts, A. B.;Weiss, B.;Parks, M. M.
通讯作者：
Parks, M. M.

Crowd-sourcing structure-from- motion data for terrain modelling in a real-world disaster scenario: A proof of concept

众包运动数据结构，用于现实世界灾难场景中的地形建模：概念验证

DOI：
10.1177/0309133318823622
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Earth and Environment
影响因子：
0
作者：
Ratner J
通讯作者：
Ratner J

Volcanoes: Encounters through the Ages

火山：历代的邂逅

DOI：
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Pyle
通讯作者：
Pyle

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David Pyle其他文献

Transcriptomic and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of Peanut stimulated CD4+ T cells during Peanut Oral Immunotherapy

DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.588
发表时间：
2021-02-01
期刊：
Conference abstract
影响因子：
作者：
Yamini Virkud;Bert Ruiter;Neal Smith;David Pyle;Sarita Patil;Wayne Shreffler
通讯作者：
Wayne Shreffler

Flowsheet Template for the Documentation of Allergic Reactions in Infants and Toddlers

DOI：
10.1016/j.jaip.2024.05.029
发表时间：
2024-08-01
期刊：
Short communication
影响因子：
作者：
David Pyle;Jose Euberto Mendez-Reyes;Cynthia Esteban;Arielle Hazi;Mharlove André;Samantha Yap;Wayne Shreffler;Michael Pistiner
通讯作者：
Michael Pistiner