C2C CLOUD TO COAST: Integrated assessment of environmental exposure, health impacts and risk perceptions of faecal organisms in coastal waters

C2C 云到海岸：对沿海水域粪便生物的环境暴露、健康影响和风险认知的综合评估

• 批准号: NE/I008306/1
• 负责人: David Lerner
• 金额: $ 224.56万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI008306%2F1
• 关键词: C2C; CLOUD; COAST; Integrated; assessment

Health impacts from pathogens indexed by faecal indicator organisms (FIOs) arise from water contact and food consumption derived from catchments, rivers, estuaries and coastal waters. However, the risks associated with these exposures are often highly episodic and determined by rates of pathogen shedding, tides, weather and seasons, all of which are impacted by changing climate, and particularly when storminess is included. Point sources include sewage effluents, intermittent discharges from combined sewer overflows, agricultural point sources such as manure stores, and diffuse sources. Faecal loads are attenuated during the soil - fresh water (including groundwater and/or river water) - estuarine - coastal pathway. Better predictions of the fate and transport of these pollutants along their pathways from sources to receptors would inform several health, policy and operational issues, including: - Whether to manage health risks by restricting access to receiving waters or by management of potential sources of pollutants; - When to declare coastal waters closed, and when to reopen them, trading off the health risks against the economic and social impacts; - What further sewage/intermittent discharge treatment to deploy, which involves trading off the financial and carbon costs against the infrequent health improvements; - What agricultural management options to impose, trading off the financial and food security impacts against the potential health improvements? - How better to optimise health and risk-management processes based on scientific evidence vis-a-vis public perception. The proposed research seeks to develop a new integrated model to predict the exposure to and the health impact assessment of pathogen risks, as indexed by FIOs, in near-shore coastal waters. The approach will be to build and validate a FIO fate and transport model which incorporates rainfall and catchment sources to coastal receiving waters, to use this model together with enhanced disease burden modelling and quantitative microbial risk assessment procedures to produce a dynamic quantitative health impact assessment. The overall model will then be used to analyse policy options for range of future scenarios, including climate change (in terms of changes in rainfall), and to relate the outcomes to actual and perceived health risks. The outputs of the research will inform identified policy gaps and afford improved decision making to minimise health risk from FIO.

由粪便指标生物（FIO）索引的病原体的健康影响是由水的接触和源自集水区，河流，河口和沿海水域的食物消费产生的。但是，与这些暴露相关的风险通常是高度发作性的，并且取决于病原体，潮汐，天气和季节的速度，所有这些风险都受到气候变化的影响，尤其是在包括暴风雨的情况下。点源包括污水废水，结合下水道溢出的间歇排放，农业点源（例如肥料商店）和弥漫性来源。粪便荷载在土壤期间被减弱 - 淡水（包括地下水和/或河水） - 河口 - 沿海途径。更好地预测这些污染物沿其从源到受体的途径的命运和运输将为几个健康，政策和操作问题提供信息，包括： - 是通过限制接收水域的获取或通过管理潜在污染物来管理健康风险的； - 何时宣布沿海水域关闭，何时重新开放它们，以对经济和社会影响产生健康风险； - 部署进一步的污水/间歇性排放处理，涉及将财务和碳成本兑换为不经常改善的健康； - 哪些农业管理方案可以强加，从而抵消金融和粮食安全影响潜在的健康改善？ - 如何基于公众的看法来优化健康和风险管理过程。拟议的研究旨在开发一种新的综合模型，以预测FIOS在近岸沿海水域中所索引的病原体风险的暴露和健康影响评估。该方法将是建立和验证一个FIO命运和运输模型，该模型结合了降雨和集水量来源，将这种模型与增强的疾病负担建模和定量微生物风险评估程序一起使用，以产生动态的定量健康影响评估。然后，总体模型将用于分析未来场景范围的政策选择，包括气候变化（在降雨量的变化方面），并将结果与​​实际和可感知的健康风险联系起来。研究的产出将为确定的政策差距提供信息，并提供改进的决策，以最大程度地减少FIO的健康风险。

项目成果

Integrated water quality modelling: Application to the Ribble Basin, U.K.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jher.2014.07.002
• 发表时间: 2015-06
• 期刊: Journal of Hydro-environment Research
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: B. Boye;R. Falconer;K. Akande

Evaluation of E.coli losses in a tidal river network using a refined 1-D numerical model

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.07.009
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Environ. Model. Softw.
• 作者: Guoxian Huang;R. Falconer;B. Lin

Integrated Modelling of Faecal Indicator Organisms (FIOs) for Prediction of Bathing Water Quality

用于预测沐浴水质的粪便指示生物 (FIO) 集成建模

• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: 10th International Urban Drainage Modelling (UDM) conference
• 作者: Shepherd

Integrated River and Coastal Flow, Sediment and Escherichia coli Modelling for Bathing Water Quality

针对沐浴水质的河流和沿海流量、沉积物和大肠杆菌综合建模

• DOI: 10.3390/w7094752
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Water
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Huang G

Do faecal indicator organisms exhibit a first foul flush in combined sewers?

粪便指示生物是否在合流下水道中表现出第一次污浊冲刷？

• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Sewer Processes and Networks
• 作者: Shepherd