Genetic architecture and constraint in social evolution

社会进化中的遗传结构和约束

• 批准号: NE/H020322/1
• 负责人: Christopher Thompson
• 金额: $ 56.87万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH020322%2F1
• 关键词: Genetic; architecture; constraint; social; evolution

Although the Darwinian idea of 'survival of the fittest' is central to our understanding of the diversity of life on this planet, the evolution and maintenance of cooperative behaviour remains a conundrum. This is because when cooperating individuals perform some sort of costly act to help one another, they run the risk of disruptive cheaters that do not pay their fair share of the cost. In other words, if cheating is a better strategy, how is cooperative behaviour maintained within populations? In order to better understand this problem, we believe that it will first be important to identify the nature of the genes and pathways that regulate cooperative behaviours. This is because, although evolutionary theory may suggest the best strategy, the genetic changes required may not be possible. For example, some strategies may not exist because any gains may be offset by other fitness costs. Alternatively, the genes and pathways that they regulate behaviour may be organised in such a way that it simply is not be possible for evolution to mould them achieve the optimal or favoured strategy. In this grant, we propose to address each of these problems using a simple system for the study of cooperative behaviour, the soil dwelling social amoeba D. discoideum. Under favourable conditions, D. discoideum amoebae exist as single celled individuals that grow and divide by feeding on bacteria. Upon starvation, however, up to 100,000 amoebae aggregate and cooperate to make a multicellular fruiting body consisting of hardy spores supported by dead stalk cells. Stalk cells thus sacrifice themselves to help the dispersal of spores, raising the question of why selection does not lead to unchecked cheating by individuals that do not pay their fair share of the cost of stalk production. To achieve this goal, we will employ a novel combination of approaches in D. discoideum that allow cooperative behaviour to be analysed with great power. We have recently found that even within a small number different D. discoideum strains, different social strategies could be detected. The work described in this proposal, will allow us to define and classify the number of the strategies within a larger set of strains, because this can be used to determine the number of different 'ways' evolution has allowed social strategies to be modified. We will then ask whether these correspond to distinct molecular or genetic pathways by searching for mutant strains with altered social behaviour. Finally, we will use these data to generate models that will allow us to develop a better theoretical understanding of how cooperative behaviour is maintained and evolutionary outcomes constrained.

尽管达尔文的“适合生存”的观念对于我们对这个星球上生命多样性的理解至关重要，但合作行为的演变和维护仍然是一个难题。这是因为，当合作个人做出某种代价方面的行为以互相帮助时，他们会冒着破坏性作弊者的风险，而这些作弊者不支付其成本的公平份额。换句话说，如果作弊是一种更好的策略，那么在人群中如何维持合作行为？为了更好地理解这个问题，我们认为首先要确定调节合作行为的基因和途径的性质很重要。这是因为，尽管进化论可能提出最佳策略，但可能无法进行所需的遗传变化。例如，某些策略可能不存在，因为任何收益可能会被其他健身成本所抵消。另外，它们调节行为的基因和途径可以组织起来，以至于不可能将它们塑造出来实现最佳或有利的策略。在这笔赠款中，我们建议使用一个简单的系统来解决合作行为，土壤居住社会变形虫D. Discoideum的每个问题。在有利的条件下，D。D。discoideum Amoebae作为单细胞个体存在，通过以细菌为食而生长和分裂。然而，饥饿后，多达100,000个变形虫的聚集体和合作，使多细胞的水果体由由死茎细胞支撑的强壮孢子组成。因此，茎细胞牺牲了自己来帮助孢子的分散，提出了一个问题，为什么选择不会导致个人不受支付茎生产成本的份额不公平的人的作弊。为了实现这一目标，我们将采用D. Discoideum中一种新颖的方法组合，以使合作行为能够以强大的力量进行分析。最近，我们发现，即使在少数不同的D. D. Discoideum菌株中，也可以检测到不同的社会策略。本提案中描述的工作将使我们能够定义和分类一组较大的菌株中的策略数量，因为这可以用于确定不同的“方式”进化的数量已允许修改社会策略。然后，我们将通过寻找具有改变社会行为的突变菌株来询问它们是否对应于不同的分子或遗传途径。最后，我们将使用这些数据生成模型，从而使我们能够对如何维持合作行为有更好的理论理解并限制进化结果。

项目成果

Developmental lineage priming in Dictyostelium by heterogeneous Ras activation.

• DOI: 10.7554/elife.01067
• 发表时间: 2013-11-26
• 期刊: eLife
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Chattwood A;Nagayama K;Bolourani P;Harkin L;Kamjoo M;Weeks G;Thompson CR
• 通讯作者: Thompson CR

A polychromatic 'greenbeard' locus determines patterns of cooperation in a social amoeba.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14171
• 发表时间: 2017-01-25
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Gruenheit N;Parkinson K;Stewart B;Howie JA;Wolf JB;Thompson CR
• 通讯作者: Thompson CR

Sociogenomics of self vs. non-self cooperation during development of Dictyostelium discoideum.

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-616
• 发表时间: 2014-07-21
• 期刊: BMC genomics
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Li SI;Buttery NJ;Thompson CR;Purugganan MD
• 通讯作者: Purugganan MD

Cell Cycle Heterogeneity Can Generate Robust Cell Type Proportioning.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.09.023
• 发表时间: 2018-11-19
• 期刊: Developmental cell
• 影响因子: 11.8
• 作者: Gruenheit N;Parkinson K;Brimson CA;Kuwana S;Johnson EJ;Nagayama K;Llewellyn J;Salvidge WM;Stewart B;Keller T;van Zon W;Cotter SL;Thompson CRL
• 通讯作者: Thompson CRL

Inferring Adaptive Codon Preference to Understand Sources of Selection Shaping Codon Usage Bias.

• DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab099
• 发表时间: 2021-07-29
• 期刊: Molecular biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 10.7
• 作者: de Oliveira JL;Morales AC;Hurst LD;Urrutia AO;Thompson CRL;Wolf JB
• 通讯作者: Wolf JB